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Nilotinib AMN107 Tasigna
Nilotinib |
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Nilotinib is an oral medication used for treating chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nilotinib is classified as a kinase inhibitor.
Kinase inhibitors include dasatinib (Sprycel), erlotinib (Tarceva), gefitinib (Iressa), imatinib (Gleevec), pazopanib (Votrient), sunitinib (Sutent), and vandetanib (Caprelsa). Kinase inhibitors prevent the growth of tumors by reducing the action of proteins that control cell division, growth and survival. These proteins are usually present in larger quantities or are more active in cancer cells. By reducing the activity of these proteins, growth and survival of cancer cells are reduced. The FDA approved nilotinib in October 2007. Nilotinib is used for the treatment of adults with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML) or treatment of Ph+ CML after intolerance or failure of therapy that included imatinib. Nilotinib belongs to a pharmacologic class of drugs known as kinase inhibitors
Nilotinib drug substance, a monohydrate monohydrochloride, is a white to slightly yellowish to slightly greenish yellow powder with the anhydrous molecular formula and weight, respectively, of C28H22F3N7O•HCl • H2O and 584. The solubility of nilotinib in aqueous solutions decreases with increasing pH. Nilotinib is not optically active. The pKa1 was determined to be 2.1; pKa2 was estimated to be 5.4.
The chemical name of nilotinib is 4-methyl-N-[3-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-benzamide, monohydrochloride, monohydrate. Its structure is shown below:
Tasigna (nilotinib) capsules, for oral use, contain 150 mg or 200 mg nilotinib base, anhydrous (as hydrochloride, monohydrate) with the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate and poloxamer 188. The capsules contain gelatin, iron oxide (red), iron oxide (yellow), iron oxide (black), and titanium dioxide.
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Nilotinib |
Nilotinib (AMN107, trade name Tasigna), in the form of the hydrochloride monohydrate salt, is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia.
It is FDA- (29 October 2007),[4] EMA- (29 September 2009),[5] MHRA- (19 November 2007) and TGA- (17 January 2008)approved for use as a treatment for Philadelphia Chromosome (Ph+)-positive Chronic myelogenous leukaemia.1In June 2006, a Phase I clinical trial found nilotinib has a relatively favorable safety profile and shows activity in cases of CML resistant to treatment with imatinib, another tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently used as a first-line treatment. In that study 92% of patients (already resistant or unresponsive to imatinib) achieved normal white blood cell counts after five months of treatmentThe drug carries a black box warning for possible heart complications.The use of low doses of nilotinib is being investigated for use for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, as well as for ALS, dementia and Huntington's disease.[12] Novartis announced on April 11, 2011 that it is discontinuing a Phase III trial of Tasigna® (nilotinib) for investigational use in the first-line treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) based on the recommendation of an independent data monitoring committee. Interim results showed Tasigna is unlikely to demonstrate superiority compared to Novartis's Glivec® (imatinib)*, the current standard of care in this setting.
Contraindications Contraindications include long QT syndrome, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, pregnancy, planned pregnancy, lactation and galactose/lactose intolerance. Cautions include: Myelosuppression Tumour lysis syndrome Liver impairment History of pancreatitis Check serum lipase periodically in order to detect pancreatitis Total gastrectomy Avoid pregnancy or impregnating women Dose reduction of nilotinib has been recommended in hepatically impaired population which involves recommendation of lower starting dose and monitoring of any hepatic function abnormalities. Adverse effects Nilotinib has a number of adverse effects typical of anti-cancer drugs. These include headache, fatigue, gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation, muscle and joint pain, rash and other skin conditions, flu-like symptoms, and reduced blood cell count. Less typical side effects are those of the cardiovascular system, such as hypertension (high blood pressure), various types of arrhythmia, and prolonged QT interval. Nilotinib can also affect the body's electrolyte and glucose balance.[4] Though pulmonary-related adverse effects are rare when compare with imatinib and dasatinib. There is a case report of acute respiratory failure from diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patient taking nilotinib.
Interactions Nilotinib has been reported as a substrate for OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. Interaction of nilotinib with OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 may alter its hepatic disposition and can lead to transporter mediated drug-drug interactions.Nilotinib is an inhibitor of OATP-1B1 transporter but not for OATP-1B3. It is a substrate for CYP3A4 and hence grapefruit juice and other CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers may interact with nilotinib.Patients report that pomegranates and starfruit may also interfere. Pharmacology Nilotinib inhibits the kinases BCR-ABL,KIT, LCK, EPHA3, EPHA8, DDR1, DDR2, PDGFRB, MAPK11 and ZAK
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The packaging can be customized, normally, 1kgs/Tin, or 5kgs/Tin or per drums |
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Company Introduction |
Top Pharm Chemical Group is specialized in the New Drug Researching and Developing, and mainly manufacture Chemical Intermediates, Pharmaceutical APIs and Pilot Production. To meet customers regulatory needs, we can offer products from gram to kilo and tons scale, and we can also support our customers with the DMF and other documents to Complete the registration. Our Targets: "Best Technic; Better Quality; Better Price; Better Service" Main Products: Anidulafungin,Micafungin,Caspofungin,Posaconazole etc. (Anti-Infective) Ixabepilone, Argatroban, Decitabine, Everolimus etc. (Anti-Tumor) Epothilone B, Tacrolimus, Rapamycin,Temsirolimus etc. (Fermentation) Bimatoprost, Latanoprost, Travoprost, Cloprostenol etc.(Prostaglandins) |
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