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Calcium sulfate dihydrate Basic information Outline Chemical properties Application Production method Category Flammability hazard propertiesStorage characteristics Extinguishing agent Professional standards Product Name: Calcium sulfate dihydrate Synonyms: GYPSUM;c.i. 77231;CALCIUM SULFATE-2-HYDRATE;CALCIUM SULFATE SOLUTION R;CALCIUM SULFATE DIHYDRATE;CALCIUM SULPHATE 2H2O;CALCIUM SULPHATE 2-HYDRATE;CALCIUM SULPHATE DIHYDRATE CAS: 10101-41-4 MF: CaH4O6S MW: 172.17 EINECS: 231-900-3 Product Categories: ACS GradeSynthetic Reagents;Essential Chemicals;Routine Reagents;Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry;Chemical Synthesis;Inorganic Salts;Synthetic Reagents;Analytical Reagents for General Use;C-D, Puriss p.a. ACS;Puriss p.a. ACS;metal sulfate Mol File: 10101-41-4.mol   Calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical Properties mp  128°C -1.5H?O bp  163°C -2H?O density  2.32 Fp  163°C -2H?O storage temp.  Store at RT. solubility  H2O: 0.01 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless form  powder Water Solubility  2 g/L (20 ºC) Sensitive  Hygroscopic Merck  14,1706 Stability: Stable. Incompatible with aluminium, strong acids. CAS DataBase Reference 10101-41-4(CAS DataBase Reference) NIST Chemistry Reference calcium sulfate(10101-41-4)   Safety Information Hazard Codes  Xn Risk Statements  20/21/22-36/37/38 Safety Statements  22-24/25-36-26 WGK Germany  1 RTECS  EW4150000 HS Code  28332990 MSDS Information Provider Language Calcium sulfate dihydrate English ACROS English SigmaAldrich English ALFA English   Calcium sulfate dihydrate Usage And Synthesis Outline Calcium sulfate dihydrate is also known as "natural anhydrite". Chemical formula is CaSO4. The molecular weight is 136.14. It is rhombic system crystal. The relative density is 2.960, refractive index is 1.569,1.575,1.613. Another is soluble anhydrite: melting point is 1450℃, the relative density is 2.89, refractive index is 1.505,1.548, When be incandescent, it can decompose. Its hemihydrate is commonly known as "plaster of Paris", "plaster", it is white amorphous powder, relative density is 2.75. Its dehydrate is commonly known as "gypsum", as a white crystal or powder, relative density is 2.32, refractive index is 1.521,1.523,1.530, when be heated to 163℃, it can lose all crystal water. It is slightly soluble in water, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, it is soluble in hot sulfuric acid, it is insoluble in alcohol. Natural product is soluble in alkaline sulphates, sodium thiosulfate, aqueous solution of ammonium salt. Method: natural anhydrite is derived by the reaction of CaO with SO3 under red-hot. Soluble anhydrous gypsum is derived by CaSO4·2H2O which heated at 200℃ to constant. Hemihydrate gypsum is derived by the calcination dehydration. Dihydrate is reacted by calcium chloride and ammonium sulfate. The main purpose of calcium sulphate: natural anhydrite is used for medicine; soluble anhydrite can be used for interior decoration, it can also be used to prepare chemicals, beverages, etc; hemihydrate is used for construction materials, but also can be used in plaster statues, ceramics material; its dihydrate is used to product hemihydrate, fillers, etc.  The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong. Chemical properties It is monoclinic crystal, crystal form is clintheriform, columnar, aggregates shows dense block, fibers, flakes, earthy or kidney-shaped. It is glass shiny. It is slightly soluble in water and dissolved in hydrochloric acid. Application Plaster can be used as raw material of building materials and cement, it can also be widely used in rubber, plastics, fertilizers, pesticides, paints, textiles, food, pharmaceutical, paper, household chemicals, arts and crafts, culture and education sectors. In the areas of absence of sulfur resource it can be used to manufacture sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate. Colorless and transparent gypsum can be used for optical materials.  It can be used as raw material of manufacturing cement, calcium sulfate hemihydrate and sulfuric acid. Paint and paper industry can be used as fillers. It can be used as fertilizer in agriculture which can reduce the alkalinity of the soil, improve soil properties. Food grade can be used as nutritional supplements (calcium to strengthen), coagulants, yeast food, the dough adjusting agents, chelating agents, it can also be used as enhancer of tomatoes, potatoes, canned organizations, hardener of brewing water, flavor- enhancer of wine, etc. It can be used as hygroscopic agent of analysis of trace nitrogen fertilizer production of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. It can be used in paint, artificial ivory, paint, paper, dyes, printing, metallurgy, water treatment. Production method When natural gypsum mine removes impurity, clay is calcined and then milled together can get it.  Sodium sulfate is added into by-product (calcium chloride) of ammonia and alkali method to product alkali, the reaction product is refined to get calcium sulfate dihydrate. Byproduct of manufacturing organic acid. For example: The byproduct calcium oxalate is decomposed by sulfuric acid when oxalic acid is manufacturing, and then it is refined to get calcium sulfate dihydrate. There are also open-pit mining to underground mining. The former is the open hillside, stepped mining; the latter mining method which employs the majority of the mine shaft development or inclined to open up, and room and pillar mining method, next is comprehensive mining method. Mining technological process sees "phosphate rock." The vast majority of gypsum mining is used hand-selected method, some mine production is without any ore sorting, extraetedore is mined mineral. Category Pesticide Flammability hazard properties Thermal decomposition can emit poisonous sulfur oxides fumes; it is one kind of nuisance dust. Storage characteristics Treasury should have ventilation and should be low-temperature drying . Extinguishing agent water Professional standards TWA 15 mg / m 3 (total dust). Chemical Properties white powder   Calcium sulfate dihydrate Preparation Products And Raw materials Raw materials Sodium sulfate-->Calcium oxalate Preparation Products Sodium nitrate-->Cement dust-->CALCIUM SULFATE-->Strontium sulfate-->Chrom-tin-Pink Stannite Pigment-->hericium erinaceus extract-->Regulus silicate cement-->Calcium sulfate hemihydrate-->gypsum whisker

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