(1S,2R,3S,5R)-3-(Phenymethyloxy)-2-(phenylmethoxy)methyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane

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1 Gram

FOB Price: USD 1.0000

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Purity: 99%
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Keywords

(1S,2R,3S,5R)-3-(Phenymethyloxy)-2-(phenylmethoxy)methyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane 110567-22-1 99%

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Tamoxifen Basic information

Antiestrogen drug Origin of the study Uses Pharmacokinetics Side effects Contraindications Precautions Drug interactions

Product Name:	Tamoxifen
Synonyms:	TAMOXIFEN;TAMOXIFEN BASE;TRANS-2-[4-(1,2-DIPHENYL-1-BUTENYL)PHENOXY]-N,N-DIMETHYLETHYLAMINE;(Z)-2-[4-(1,2-DIPHENYL-1-BUTENYL)PHENOXY]-N,N-DIMETHYLETHANAMINE;[Z]-1-[P-DIMETHYLAMINOETHOXYPHENYL]-1,2-DIPHENYL-1-BUTENE;Genox;ici47699;n-dimethyl-2-(p-(1,2-diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy)-(z)-ethylamin
CAS:	10540-29-1
MF:	C26H29NO
MW:	371.51
EINECS:	234-118-0
Product Categories:	Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients;Protein Kinase Inhibitors and Activators;Aromatics;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals;Isotope Labeled Compounds
Mol File:	10540-29-1.mol

Tamoxifen Chemical Properties

Melting point	97-98 °C(lit.)
Boiling point	501.18°C (rough estimate)
density	1.0630 (rough estimate)
refractive index	1.6000 (estimate)
storage temp.	2-8°C
solubility	H2O: insoluble <0.1% at 20°C
pka	pKa 8.71(H2O t = 25 I = 0.025) (Uncertain)
form	neat
Water Solubility	Insoluble in water. Soluble in methanol, ethanol, propanol or propylene glycol.Soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and ethanol. Insoluble in water.
Merck	13,9137
InChIKey	NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference	10540-29-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System	Ethanamine, 2-[4-[(1Z)-1,2-diphenyl-1- butenyl]phenoxy]-N,N-dimethyl- (10540-29-1)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes	T,Xi
Risk Statements	45-60-61-64-36/37/38
Safety Statements	53-45-36-26
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	KR5919600
HS Code	29221990
Hazardous Substances Data	10540-29-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

MSDS Information

Provider	Language
Tamoxifen	English
SigmaAldrich	English

Tamoxifen Usage And Synthesis

Antiestrogen drug	Tamoxifen is non-steroidal anti-estrogen drugs. Its structure is similar to estrogen, existing Z type and O type isomers. The physical and chemical properties are different from each other, and physiological activity is different. E type has weak estrogenic activity, Z type having the effect of anti-estrogen. If the estrogen receptor (ER) is present in breast cancer cells, estrogen enters into tumor cells and binds with ER, promoting mRNA and DNA synthesis of tumor cells, stimulating tumor cell growth. However, Tamoxifen Z isomer enters into the cell, competitively binding with ER to form receptor complexes, inhibiting that estrogen plays an role, and inhibiting proliferation of breast cancer cells. Clinically it is mainly used for high levels of estrogen in breast cancer patients, which combines with androgen and other anticancer drugs (such as doxorubicin, etc., enhancing the effectiveness and showing good effect in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. Oral: once 10~20mg, 2 times 1 day. Common side effects are flushing, genital itching, occasional vaginal bleeding, a few may have a headache, fluid retention, for a long time may have retinal disease, vision loss, the other can have bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions. Tamoxifen is used to treat breast cancer, and can reduce mortality and recurrence rate of estrogen-dependent breast cancer patients, so it has a good prospect. Another endocrine therapy aromatase inhibitor, it can inhibit effect of aromatase, preventing that the and rostenedione secreted by adrenal gland is transformed into estrogen in peripheral tissues (fat, skin, muscle), further reducing estrogen levels in postmenopausal women. It is currently one of the important means to treat postmenopausal patients with estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer. Figure 1 Mechanism of action of Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors
Origin of the study	In the 1960s, as for initial research of estrogen drug, scientists found that anti-estrogen drugs can prevent endometrial hyperplasia and embryo implantation in rats, and has the role of contraception, hoping that it can be used as contraceptives for use in humans. In1966 UK reproductive endocrinologist Walpole firstly reported study of Tamoxifen. When investigating an anti-estrogen substance-tristyrylphenol, they found that its two derivatives had different physiological effects. They used vaginal epithelium keratosis index and uterine weight growth index as the evaluation index. Results showed that homeopathic structure (ICI47,699) has estrogen-like effects on uterus and vaginal epithelial cells in rat and mice; trans structure (ICI46,747) has very weak estrogenic effect on vaginal epithelial cells in rat, has an anti-estrogenic effect on the uterus, which can terminate early pregnancy and inhibit ovulation, but it also has anti-estrogenic effect on uterus and vaginal epithelial cells in mouse. Trans structure ICI46,747 which is now Tamoxifen, scientists expect that ICI46,747 can be used as a new contraceptives in humans. However, during the clinical trial, they found that the drug did not show the same effect in rats, but the drug can stimulate endometrial hyperplasia, and promote ovulation. Thus, clinically Tamoxifen was firstly used as ovulation drugs in anovulatory infertility patients, and still in use. For the current field of assisted reproductive technology treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation program, it also has a good effect on ovulation. Thus, Tamoxifen had both estrogen-like and anti-estrogenic effects, and showed different effects on different species and tissues. Figure 2 The structural formula of Tamoxifen. The above information is edited by the Chemicalbook of Liu Yujie.
Uses	1. Treatment for Women with metastatic breast cancer recurrence. 2. Used as adjuvant therapy after surgery for breast cancer metastasis, and relapse prevention. 3. For the treatment of ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and endometriosis.
Pharmacokinetics	This product is easily absorbed orally, generally three hours after taking the drug concentration in the blood is up to the peak; because of enterohepatic circulation, the concentration of product is a more lasting in vivo; in the liver metabolism this product mainly excreted in the feces by biliary (58% to 100% ) rarely excreted in urine (only 2% to 21%); after the anima taking isotopically labeled this product, it is found that radioactivity is the highest in animal ovaries.After it is used for post-menopausal women, the concentration in endometrium is 2 times in plasma .
Side effects	1. Early treatment of bone cancer pain and may be a transient increase, continued treatment can be gradually reduced. 2. gastrointestinal reactions: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. 3. Reproductive system: menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, genital itching, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer. 4. Skin: facial flushing, rash, hair loss. 5. Bone marrow: occasionally neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. 6. Liver function: occasionally abnormalities. 7. Eyes: using for long time (17 months or more) and large number (240~320mg per day), may appear retinal lesions or corneal opacity . 8. The rare and needed attention of side effects: insanity, pulmonary embolism (showing shortness of breath), thrombosis, weakness, drowsiness.
Contraindications	1. It is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to this product. 2. It is contraindicated in patients with fundus diseases. 3. It is contraindicated in patients who have history of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism or are receiving anticoagulant therapy. 4. It is contraindicated in pregnant woman and nursing mothers.
Precautions	1. Abnormal liver function should be used with caution. If bone metastasis, patients are needed to regularly check blood calcium in the early treatment. 2.Pregnancy safety of this drug is classified as D class by FDA.
Drug interactions	1. The drug combines with fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, vincristine and doxorubicin, etc. and can improve the effects. 2. The drug can increase the dopaminergic effect of bromocriptine mesylate. 3. The data show that the drug can prolong neuromuscular blockade of atracurium. 4. The drug can enhance the effect of anticoagulants, not combining with anticoagulants (such as warfarin, two coumarin anticoagulants). 5. Antacids and cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine can change the pH of the stomach, making the drug enteric-coated tablets decomposed and showing a stimulating effect on the stomach, so when l in combination , these drugs should be interval of 1 to 2 hours. 6. Estrogen can affect the therapeutic effect of the drug, should not be combined. 7. The in vitro test results show that the drug may inhibit the metabolism of tacrolimus. 8.When in combination with mitomycin, the risk of hemolytic syndrome and hematuria increased. 9. The drug combines with triptolide which can lead to accelerate tumor growth in mice, so the combination should be cautious. 10. with allopurinol, the drug may increase liver toxicity. 11. The drug combines with other cytotoxic drugs, increasing the risk of thromboembolism.
Chemical Properties	White Crystalline Solid
Uses	A nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist of interest in the treatment of some forms of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is a Protein Kinase C inhibitor, and induces apoptosis in human malignant glioma cell lines
Uses	Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen response modifier (SERM), protein kinase C inhibitor and anti-angiogenetic factor. Tamoxifen is a prodrug that is metabolized to active metabolites 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) and endoxifen by cytochrome P450 isoforms CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. In breast cancer, the gene repressor activity of tamoxifen against ERBB2 is dependent upon PAX2. Blocks estradiol-stimulated VEGF production in breast tumor cells. Protein kinase C inhibitor. Induces apoptosis in human malignant glioma cell lines. Tamoxifen and its metabolite 4-hydroxytamoxifen are selective estrogen response mo difiers (SERMs) that act as estrogen antagonists in mammary gland. Blocks estradiol-stimulated VEGF production in breast tumor cells.
Uses	Tamoxifen has been used to facilitate the recombination of ect2^flox allele in mouse organs⁹¹. It has also been used to study its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation⁹².
Brand name	Nolvadex (AstraZeneca); Soltamox (Savient).
World Health Organization (WHO)	Tamoxifen is an anti-estrogen agent used mainly to treat breast cancer. Tamoxifen is listed in the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs.
Safety Profile	Confirmed human carcinogen. Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by an unspecified route: nausea or vomiting, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and skin changes. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.