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Ethyl levulinate ETHYL LEVULINATE FCC 4-oxo-pentanoicaciethylester
Chemical Properties | clear yellowish liquid |
Chemical Properties | Ethyl levulinate has an ethereal, fruity, green, sweet, pineapple, apple, rhubarb odor. |
Occurrence | Reported found in white bread, roasted onion, wheat bread, cognac, malt whiskey, grape wines, cocoa, bilberry wine, Bourbon vanilla and cherimoya (Annona cheremolia Mill.). |
Uses | Solvent for cellulose acetate and starch ethers, flavoring. |
Preparation | Usually obtained by direct esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol and H2SO4 in benzene or in toluene; also in the presence of HCI in ethanol; other methods starting from glucose, fructose and others are of less importance. |
Taste threshold values | Taste characteristics at 40 ppm: fruity, green, waxy and melon. |
Safety Profile | A skin irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes |
Purification Methods | Stir the ester with Na2CO3 and charcoal, filter and distil. It is freely soluble in H2O and EtOH [IR, NMR: Sterk Monatsh Chem 99 1770 1968, Thomas & Schuette J Am Chem Soc 53 2328 1931, Cox & Dodds J Am Chem Soc 55 3392 1933]. [Beilstein 3 IV 1562.] |
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