gefitinib

Details:

Gefitinib is a highly specific anti-tumor targeted therapy drug developed by AstraZeneca in the United Kingdom. It is the first molecular targeted drug for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. It selectively inhibits The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) signal transduction pathway plays a role. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a polypeptide with a relative molecular mass of 6.45×103, which can bind to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the target cell membrane to produce biological effects. EGFR is a tyrosine kinase (TK) type receptor. When it binds to EGF, it can promote the activation of TK in the receptor, leading to autophosphorylation of receptor tyrosine residues and providing continuous division signals to the cell , Causing cell proliferation and differentiation. EGFR is abundant in human tissues and is highly expressed in malignant tumors. Gefitinib blocks the cell surface EGFR signal transduction pathway, hinders tumor growth, metastasis and blood vessel chemicalbook generation, and can induce tumor cell apoptosis. In August 2002, Gefitinib was first marketed in Japan as a first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer under the trade name Iressa. In May 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved gefitinib as a third-line monotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who had failed platinum-based anticancer drugs and docetaxel chemotherapy. It has been approved for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer by Australia, Japan, Argentina, Singapore and South Korea. On February 28, 2005, the China Food and Drug Administration approved gefitinib for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that had previously received chemotherapy. It has not yet been approved as a first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC. On July 1, 2009, the European Medicines Agency officially approved gefitinib for the first-line, second-line and third-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR gene mutations in adults.

The receptivity is good, most of the side effects are mild and reversible, and are completely different from the typical side effects of cytotoxic drugs. Common adverse reactions are diarrhea, nausea, rash, acne, vomiting and weakness, etc. The incidence is more than 20%, and only 1% of patients stop treatment due to adverse drug reactions. Acute interstitial pneumonia can occasionally occur in Chemicalbook, and some patients can even cause death. Therefore, if the patient develops respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath, cough, and fever, the treatment should be interrupted immediately and it should be determined whether it is interstitial pneumonia. Gefitinib should not be used in pregnant women, breastfeeding women should stop breastfeeding during treatment.