Anticoagulant mechanism of heparin lithium

Details:

Heparin lithium (CAS No.: 9045-22-1) is a commonly used blood anticoagulant, especially in clinical biochemical and chemical tests. Due to its minimal chelating performance, minimal interference with water and relatively low cation concentration, it is recommended to use anticoagulant for chemical measurement in blood or plasma tests. Heparin lithium basically does not contain foreign ions, so it should not be used in testing blood Lithium. So what is the anticoagulant mechanism of heparin lithium

Heparin affects many aspects of the coagulation process:

(1) inhibit the formation of prothrombin kinase: (enhance the activity of antithrombin III hundreds of times)

① Heparin combined with antithrombin Ⅲ (at - Ⅲ) to form heparin at - Ⅲ complex;

② At - Ⅲ is a serine protease inhibitor, which can inactivate coagulation factors XII a, Xi a and XA with serine protease activity.

③ Of heparin and at - Ⅲ δ Amino lysine residues bind to accelerate the inactivation of coagulation factors, inhibit the formation of prothrombin kinase and resist the formation of prothrombin kinase.

(2) Interfere with the function of thrombin: after low-dose heparin is combined with at - Ⅲ, even the reaction site of at - Ⅲ (arginine residue) is easier to combine with the active center (serine residue) of thrombin to form a stable thrombin antithrombin complex, so as to inactivate thrombin and inhibit the transformation from fibrinogen to fibrin.

(3) Thrombin interferes with the activation of factor XIII and affects the formation of insoluble fibrin; prevents the normal activation factors VIII and V of thrombin. ⑷ prevents platelet aggregation and destruction: heparin can prevent platelet adhesion and aggregation, so as to prevent platelet disintegration and release platelet factor 3 and serotonin. The anticoagulant effect of heparin is related to the sulfate radical with strong negative charge in the molecule 。 When the sulfate group is hydrolyzed or neutralized by protamine with strong positive charge, its anticoagulant activity is lost immediately.

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