CAS 53-84-9 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Nad

Details:

CAS 53-84-9  Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Nad

Product Name:   NAD
CAS:    53-84-9
MF:    C21H27N7O14P2
MW:    663.43
EINECS:    200-184-4

What is  NAD
NAD is a coenzyme formed from the nucleotide, nicotinamide, adenosine monophosphate and a phosphate group joining the first two components. NADP has the same structure with the addition of an extra phosphate group to AMP. NAD can be reduced to NADH during coupling with reactions which oxidize various organic substrates. For example, the reaction catalyzed by glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase during glycolysis. NADH then passes to the inside of mitochondria where it donates the electrons it is carrying to the electron transport chain. In this manner, NAD acts as an intermediate energy storage compound that indirectly generates ATP. Generally, NADP accepts electrons from catabolic reactions to form NADPH. An example is its coupling with the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate in the pentose phosphate pathway 

How it works

NAD (NAD+) is an essential molecule for cellular metabolism. It serves as an electron donor/acceptor for many redox reactions in cellular metabolism. It also serves as a precursor for NADP+ and a substrate for both bacterial DNA ligases and ADP ribosyl transferases . Due to its importance as a cofactor for many oxidoreductases, NAD+ is also an essential compound in biotechnology applications ; however, NAD+ is known to be chemically unstable, especially at high temperatures, where it nonenzymatically decomposes to ADP-ribose and nicotinamide .
Cells need to maintain a certain concentration of NAD+ for metabolism, and different organisms possess different pathways for synthesizing NAD+, such as the de novo biosynthesis pathway and the salvage pathway  . In the salvage pathway, decomposition products from NAD+ are used for reconstructing the molecule. Many bacteria possess the salvage pathway initiated from the deamination of nicotinamide to nicotinate by nicotinamidase  . Nicotinate is further converted to nicotinate mononucleotide (NaMN), nicotinate adenine dinucleotide (NaAD), and finally to NAD+ via the Preiss-Handler pathway   .