Superiority:
PRODUCT DETAILS
|
L-Lysine Basic information |
|
L-Lysine Chemical Properties |
Melting point |
215 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
alpha |
D20 +14.6° (c = 6.5); D23 +25.9° (c = 2 in 6.0N HCl) |
Boiling point |
265.81°C (rough estimate) |
density |
1.1360 (rough estimate) |
FEMA |
3847 | L-LYSINE |
refractive index |
26 ° (C=2, 5mol/L HCl) |
storage temp. |
Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
solubility |
H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless |
pka |
2.16(at 25℃) |
form |
Powder or Crystals |
color |
White to light yellow |
optical activity |
[α]20/D +26.0±1.0°, c = 2% in 6 M HCl |
Water Solubility |
Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene and common neutral solvent. |
JECFA Number |
1439 |
Merck |
14,5636 |
BRN |
1722531 |
Stability: |
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
InChIKey |
KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N |
CAS DataBase Reference |
56-87-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference |
Lysine(56-87-1) |
EPA Substance Registry System |
Lysine (56-87-1) |
Provider |
Language |
L-Lysine |
English |
SigmaAldrich |
English |
|
L-Lysine Usage And Synthesis |
Description |
See ι-LYSINE MONOCHLORIDE. |
Chemical Properties |
L-Lysine is an essential amino acid (a protein building block) that cannot be produced by the body from other nutri ents. It helps ensure adequate absorption of calcium and the formation of collagen for bone, cartilage and connective tissue. This compound is odorless. |
Chemical Properties |
White to pale yellow crystalline powder |
Occurrence |
Some natural food sources for l-lysine include lima beans, kidney beans, potatoes, corn, red meat, fish and milk. |
Uses |
L-Lysine is an essential amino acid used in human nutrition. It plays a vital role in calcium absorption, building muscle protein and recovering from surgery or sports injuries. It is used for the treatment of herpes infections and cold sores. Its derivatives lysine acetylsalicylate is utilized to treat pain as well as to detoxify the body after heroin use. It is an important additive to animal feed. Further, it is used in many foods, especially red meats, fish and dairy products. |
Uses |
Essential amino acid for human development. Lysine residues are useful in many cellular processes, due to their ability to accept a wide variety of post-translational modifications. |
Uses |
A moderate serotonin antagonist and essential amino acid. |
Uses |
lysine is a skin-conditioning amino acid. |
Definition |
ChEBI: An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. |
Preparation |
Produced by fermentation. Also produced by use of continuous ion exchange technology. |
Biotechnological Production |
C. glutamicum and, to a lesser extent, E. coli are the main organisms used today for industrial L-lysine production. The first L-producing strains based on C. glutamicum were reported in 1961, and those based on E. coli in 1995. The advantages of using E. coli versus C. glutamicum include the achievement of higher growth rates at higher fermentation temperatures. The formation of lysine is highly influenced by two enzymes, aspartate kinase (AK) and homoserine dehydrogenase (HDH). AK converts aspartate into aspartate semialdehyde, and is highly feedback-inhibited by lysine and threonine. HDH converts aspartate semialdehyde into homoserine, which is an intermediate for the biosynthesis of threonine, methionine, and isoleucine. L-Lysine–producing strains therefore often contain a deregulated AK and/or a reduced activity HDH. Despite the improvement of the flux from aspartate towards lysine, the availability of key metabolites from the central metabolic pathways is also essential. Here the formation of oxaloacetate directly from phosphoenol pyruvate or via pyruvate is essential for the carbon yield as some unnecessary cycles are included. For example, inactivation of the enzyme phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, which catalyzes the reverse reaction from oxaloacetate to phosphoenol pyruvate gave an improvement in lysine formation. By overexpression of pyruvate carboxylase, the conversion yield of glucose to lysine could be increased by 50 %. With a synthetic lysine hyperproducing strain, containing 12 defined modifications from the wild type, a carbon yield of 0.55 g/g and a product titer of 120 g/L over 30 h fermentation could be obtained.
Today, however, the main commercial process for L-lysine remains the fermentation of C. glutamicum. This is performed in fed-batch mode in large-scale fermenters of up to 500 m3 volume, with production capacities in excess of 100,000 tonnes. The commercial manufacturing process has been comprehensively described by Pfefferle. |
Aroma threshold values |
Detection: 500 ppm |
Synthesis Reference(s) |
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 71, p. 3161, 1949 DOI: 10.1021/ja01177a063 |
General Description |
L-Lysine is a basic amino acid.
|
Safety Profile |
An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. |
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments |
Lysine may be effective in suppressing FHV-1 infections in cats. |
Purification Methods |
Crystallise L-lysine from aqueous EtOH. [Greenstein & Winitz The Chemistry of the Amino Acids J. Wiley, Vol 3 pp 2097-2122 1961, Kearley & Ingersoll J Am Chem Soc 73 5783 1951, Beilstein 4 IV 2717.] |
|
L-Lysine Preparation Products And Raw materials |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Group profiles
Leader Biochemical Group is a large leader incorporated industry manufacturers and suppliers of advanced refined raw materials From the year of 1996 when our factory was put into production to year of 2020, our group has successively invested in more than 52 factories with shares and subordinates.We focus on manufacture Pharm & chemicals, functional active ingredients, nutritional Ingredients, health care products, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and refined feed, oil, natural plant ingredients industries to provide top quality of GMP standards products.All the invested factories' product lines cover API and intermediates, vitamins, amino acids, plant extracts, daily chemical products, cosmetics raw materials, nutrition and health care products, food additives, feed additives, essential oil products, fine chemical products and agricultural chemical raw materials And flavors and fragrances. Especially in the field of vitamins, amino acids, pharmaceutical raw materials and cosmetic raw materials, we have more than 20 years of production and sales experience. All products meet the requirements of high international export standards and have been recognized by customers all over the world. Our manufacture basement & R&D center located in National Aerospace Economic & Technical Development Zone Xi`an Shaanxi China. Now not only relying on self-cultivation and development as well as maintains good cooperative relations with many famous research institutes and universities in China. Now, we have closely cooperation with Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing Institute of Material Medical of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Zhejiang University. Closely cooperation with them not only integrating Science and technology resources, but also increasing the R&D speed and improving our R&D power. Offering Powerful Tech supporting Platform for group development. Keep serve the manufacture and the market as the R&D central task, focus on the technical research. Now there are 3 technology R & D platforms including biological extract, microorganism fermentation and chemical synthesis, and can independently research and develop kinds of difficult APIs and pharmaceutical intermediates. With the strong support of China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry (hereinafter short for CSIPI), earlier known as Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry (SIPI), we have unique advantages in the R & D and industrialization of high-grade, precision and advanced products. Now our Group technical force is abundant, existing staff more that 1000 people, senior professional and technical staff accounted for more than 50% of the total number of employees, including 15 PhD research and development personnel, 5 master′ S degree in technical and management personnel 9 people. We have advanced equipment like fermentation equipment and technology also extraction, isolation, purification, synthesis with rich production experience and strict quality control system, According to the GMP required, quickly transforming the R&D results to industrial production in time, it is our advantages and our products are exported to North and South America, Europe, Middle East, Africa, and other five continents and scale the forefront in the nation, won good international reputation. We believe only good quality can bring good cooperation, quality is our key spirit during our production, we are warmly welcome clients and partner from all over the world contact us for everlasting cooperation, Leader will be your strong, sincere and reliable partner in China.
Our Factories production lines
Our Factories R&D ability
Our Factories warehouse