Estradiol

Details:

β-Estradiol Chemical Properties
Melting point     178-179 °C(lit.)
alpha     D25 +76 to +83° (dioxane)
Boiling point     355.44°C (rough estimate)
density     1.0708 (rough estimate)
refractive index     80.4 ° (C=1, Dioxane)
Fp     2℃
storage temp.     room temp
solubility     Practically insoluble in water, soluble in acetone, sparingly soluble in ethanol (96 per cent), slightly soluble in methylene chloride.
form     powder
pka    pKa 10.71±0.02(H2O(0.1% p-dioxane) t=25±0.1 I=0.03(KCl))(Approximate)
color     White to off-white
Water Solubility     Soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol , water, phosphate buffer saline, dimethyl formamide, acetone, dioxane and alkali hydroxides. Slightly soluble in vegetable oils.
Merck     14,3703
BRN     1914275
Stability:    Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey    VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference    50-28-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference    Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17beta-diol(50-28-2)
EPA Substance Registry System    Estradiol (50-28-2)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes     T,Xn,F
Risk Statements     60-61-45-63-64-40-36-20/21/22-11-48
Safety Statements     53-22-36/37/39-45-36/37-26-16-36-20
RIDADR     2811
WGK Germany     3
RTECS     KG2975000
F     8-10
HazardClass     6.1
PackingGroup     III
HS Code     29372390
Hazardous Substances Data    50-28-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity    LD50 subcutaneous in rat: > 300mg/kg

β-Estradiol Usage And Synthesis
description    β-Estradiol is an endogenous estrogenic hormone receptor (ER) agonist (Ki values are 0.12 and 0.13 nM for ERα and ERβ respectively). Also high affinity ligand at membrane estrogen GPR30 receptors. β-Estradiol is an activator of PI 3-kinase.
Estradiol (17β-estradiol, β-Estradiol, E2, 17β-Oestradiol) is a human sex hormone and steroid, and the primary female sex hormone. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through the estrogen receptor β (ERβ) pathway.
Uses    17β-Estradiol is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.
β-Estradiol is used to study cell differentiation and transformations (tumorigenicity).
Indications and Usage    Estradiol is a white or milky white ordorless crystalline powder. It is soluble in dioxane and acetone, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in water.
Estradiol is the intermediate between estradiol valerate and estradiol benzoate, and it is a type of estrogen drug. It can be used to treat uterine functional bleeding, primary amenorrhea, menopausal syndrome, and prostate cancer. Estradiol can promote and adjust the normal growth of female sex organs and secondary sex characteristics, promote mammary duct maturation and growth, and aid in posseting. Estradiol can also be used in biochemical research.
Adverse reactions    In high dosages, estradiol can inhibit the release of anterior pituitary prolactin, thus decreasing breast milk secretion. However, nausea, vomiting and endometrial hyperplasia-induced bleeding may occur. Patients with liver or kidney failure should use with caution.
Contradictions    Do not use on breasts, vaginal area and vaginal mucosa.
Chemical Properties    White or almost white, crystalline powder or colourless crystals.
Chemical Properties    Estradiol, 17-β-is an odorless white to yellow crystalline substance.
Uses    17β-Estradiol is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.
Uses    Estradiol is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary.
Uses    Estradiol USP (Estrace) is used to treat Breast cancer; prostatic carcinoma.
Application    β-Estradiol has been used:
for the in vitro maturation of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs)
as a supplement in in vitro maturation medium (IVM), which is used as a control medium
in estrogen-induction assay
Definition    ChEBI: The 17beta-isomer of estradiol.
Acquired resistance    Estradiol is the most potent endogenous estrogen, exhibiting high affinity for the ER and high potency when administered parenterally. When administered orally, estradiol is promptly conjugated in the intestine and oxidatively metabolized by the liver, resulting in its low oral bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness.
General Description    Estradiol, estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol, is the most activeof the natural steroid estrogens. Although its 17β-OHgroup is vulnerable to bacterial and enzymatic oxidation toestrone, it can be temporarily protected as anester at C3 or C17, or permanently protected by adding a17α-alkyl group (e.g., 17α-ethinyl estradiol, the most commonlyused estrogen in oral contraceptives). The increasedoil solubility of the 17β-esters (relative to estradiol) permitsthe esters to remain in oil at the IM injection site for extendedperiods. These derivatives illustrate the principles of steroidmodification. Transdermal estradiolproducts avoid first-pass metabolism, allowing estradiol tobe as effective as oral estrogens for treating menopausalsymptoms. A new transdermal spray, Evamist, was approvedin 2007. Estradiol itself is typically not very effective orallybecause of rapid metabolism, but an oral formulation of micronizedestradiol that allows more rapid absorption of thedrug is available (Estrace). In addition to the oral and transdermalproducts, estradiol is also available in gel, cream, andvaginal ring formulations. The commercially available estradiolesters are the following:
Estradiol 3-acetate, USP (oral; vaginal ring)
Estradiol 17-valerate, USP (IM injection)
Estradiol 17-cypionate, USP (IM injection).