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b-Alanine,N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-, calcium salt (2:1), (R)- (+)-Pantothenic acid calcium salt n-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyryl)-beta-alaninecalcium
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Specific Rotation(α) | 26.5 º (c=5, in water) |
Flash Point | 145 °C |
Water Solubility | Soluble in water. |
Solubility | Soluble in water, glycerol and alkali solution, slightly soluble in ethanol and acetone, insoluble in benzene |
Appearance | White lens powder |
Color | White or almost white |
Merck | 14,7015 |
BRN | 3769272 |
PH | 6.8-7.2 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O) |
Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
Stability | Stable, but may be moisture or air sensitive. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases. |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Refractive Index | 27 ° (C=5, H2O) |
MDL | MFCD00002766 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Melting point 190°C specific rotation 26.5 ° (c = 5, in water) |
Use | Feed additives, food additives, in accordance with the Pharmacopoeia USP28/BP2003 |
This product is a precursor of coenzyme A synthesis and is used to prepare tissue culture medium. Biochemical research. Nutrients. Calcium D-Panthotenate, also known as vitamin B5 Calcium, is a water-soluble vitamin and an essential nutrient for many animals. Since the free acid is unstable and hygroscopic, it takes the form of calcium salt. Can reduce patulin in apple juice. & & Biological activity: & & In vitro study: In human lymphocytes (Jurkat cells), Pantothenic acid increases free glutathione and has little effect on protein-bound glutathione. Pantothenic acid also increases cell respiration, with pyruvate as an exogenous substrate. Pantothenic acid belongs to the vitamin B family and is a component of coenzyme A. Pantothenic acid participates in various cellular damages of reactive oxygen species by increasing the amount of coenzyme A. Pantothenic acid increased the content of glutathione by more than 50% and increased the GSH / GSSG ratio by 50%. Pantothenic acid and N-acetylcysteine attenuated UV-induced reductions in glutathione content, reduced lipid peroxidation, and partially protected cells from apoptosis caused by UV irradiation. & & In vivo study: In the adrenal cells of control rats, pantothenic acid-treated rats showed relatively high basal levels of corticosterone and progesterone. Pantothenic acid supplementation stimulates the ability of male rats to secrete corticosterone and progesterone in adrenal cells. Pantothenic acid supplementation induces adrenalhyperresponsiveness to ACTH stimulation and PRL to further stimulate adrenal sensitivity ACTH. In CD-1 mice, valproic acid (VPA) before pantothenic acid significantly prevents VPA-induced neural tube defects (NTDs). Pantothenic acid prevents valproic acid-induced changes in NF-κB,PIM-1 and c-Myb.
identification
examination
Content determination
introduction | calcium pantothenate is a kind of B vitamins and one of the essential nutrients for normal growth of organisms. Calcium pantothenate exists in three forms due to its chiral carbon atom: D L-body (mixed spin), D-body (right-handed body) and L-body (left-handed body). Only D-calcium pantothenate has biological activity. Its appearance is white or yellowish needle-like crystal or powder, its melting point is 195~196 ℃ (decomposition), and it is soluble in water, methanol, glycerin, slightly soluble in ethanol and acetone, it is hygroscopic and slightly sweet, but turns slightly bitter. As far as chemical stability is concerned, it is the most stable in aqueous solution with pH value between 5 and 7, which is more stable in air and sunlight, but less stable in acid and alkali. |
deficiency | lack of calcium pantothenate in human body has the following symptoms:(1) growth arrest, weight loss and sudden death. (2) Skin and hair disorders. (3) Nervous system disorders. (4) digestive organ disorders, liver dysfunction. (5) Affect antibody formation. (6) Parabenal disorders. Each person needs about 5mg per day (calcium pantothenate juice). |
pharmacological action | pantothenic acid is the precursor of coenzyme a and is a substance necessary for various metabolic links (including carbohydrates, proteins and lipids). it can participate in the synthesis of steroids, porphyrins, acetylcholine and other substances, and can maintain normal epithelial function. |
application | D-calcium pantothenate can be used as a nutritional supplement. Except for special nutritious foods, the usage must be less than 1% (calculated as calcium) (Japanese standard). When milk powder is fortified, it is 10mg/100g. Add 0.02% to shochu and whisky to enhance flavor. 0.02% added to honey can prevent winter crystallization. It can buffer the bitter taste of caffeine and saccharin. |
preparation method | D-calcium pantothenate can be formed by aldol condensation of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of potassium carbonate, then cyanidation and lactone into dl-pantoacolactone, and then reaction with calcium aminopropionate. |
precautions | precautions for the use of D-calcium pantothenate: 1) pantothenic acid requirement increases when suffering from malabsorption syndrome caused by tropical stomatitis diarrhea, celiac disease or localized enteritis. 2) Patients with hemophilia should be cautious when taking medicine, because pantothenic acid can prolong the bleeding time. |
store | storage of D-calcium pantothenate: store in a cool and dry place. |
toxicity | LD50>10 g/kg (rat, oral). GRAS(FDA,§ 182.5212,§ 184.1212,2000). |
use limit | GMP is limited (FDA 184.1212,2000). General food 1% (in terms of calcium, except for special nutrients; Japan, 1993). |
use | biochemical research; Nutritional components of tissue culture medium. It is clinically used to treat vitamin B deficiency, peripheral neuritis and intestinal colic after surgery. As a food fortifier. Can be used for infant food, the usage amount is 15~28mg/kg; In the drink liquid is 2~4mg/kg. This product is a vitamin drug and is a component of coenzyme A. In the mixed calcium pantothenate, only the right-handed body has vitamin activity and participates in the metabolism of protein, fat and sugar in the body. It is used for vitamin B deficiency and peripheral neuritis, as well as intestinal colic after surgery. Combined with vitamin C can treat disseminated lupus erythematosus. The lack of calcium pantothenate in the human body has the following symptoms:(1) growth stops, weight loss, and sudden death. (2) Skin and hair disorders. (3) Nervous system disorders. (4) digestive organ disorders, liver dysfunction. (5) Affect antibody formation. (6) Parabenal disorders. The human body needs about 5mg of calcium pantothenate (based on pantothenic acid) every day. Calcium pantothenate is used as a nutritional supplement for food processing. Except for special nutritious foods, the usage must be less than 1% (calculated as calcium) (Japan). When milk powder is fortified, it is 10mg/100g. Add 0.02% to shochu and whisky to enhance flavor. 0.02% added to honey can prevent winter crystallization. It can buffer the bitter taste of caffeine and saccharin. Feed additives, food additives, in accordance with Pharmacopoeia USP28/BP2003 Nutritional supplements. It can enhance the flavor of shochu whisky and prevent honey from crystallization in winter. the premise of biosynthesis of coenzyme a, due to the easy deliquescence of pantothenic acid and other unstable characteristics, calcium salt is used as a substitute. |
production method | is obtained from isobutyraldehyde by formaldehyde hydroxymethylation, addition, hydrolysis, acidification, internal esterification, acylation and addition. put formaldehyde and anhydrous potassium carbonate into the reaction pot, add isobutyraldehyde dropwise at 14~20 ℃, keep warm and stir for 3 hours after adding; Then let stand for 0.5h at 14~18 ℃ to obtain the upper oil 2,2-dimethyl -3-hydroxypropanal. Dissolve 2, 2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropanal in 4 times of water, dissolve sodium cyanide in 6 times of water, dissolve calcium chloride in 2 times of water, and add the above solution to the reaction pot in turn; Add 50% sulfuric acid solution under stirring, react at 60~65 ℃ for 6h, and then raise the temperature to 80~85 ℃ for 3h; Concentrate under reduced pressure until thick, add 95% ethanol to precipitate and filter inorganic salts. After the filtrate is distilled under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, the fraction at 130~145 ℃(1.33~2.39kPa), namely γ-butyrolactone, is collected. Add β-aminopropionic acid, 5/6 methanol and lime to the reactor in turn, raise the temperature to 40 ℃, and stir for reaction for 2h; After the reaction liquid is standing, the supernatant liquid is pressed and filtered, and the solid residue in the pot is washed with 1/6 methanol and then pressed and filtered. The filtrate is placed in another reaction pot, γ-butyrolactone is added, stirred and dissolved, and reacted at room temperature for 40h to generate calcium pantothenate. Add water, stir, cool to O ~-5 ℃, add seed crystal, stir and crystallize for 24 hours, and filter to obtain racemic calcium pantothenate. Put 2/3 amounts of racemic calcium pantothenate and levopantothenate into the reaction pot, add methanol and water to heat to 40 ℃, stir and dissolve, and filter while hot, cool the filtrate to 15 ℃, add a small amount of levothenate calcium seed, and cultivate the crystal for 2 hours; when the specific rotation reaches 6 ° ~ 8 °, separate and crystallize, and wash with a small amount of methanol to obtain levopantothenate calcium (still used for resolution); the remaining 1/3 of the racemic calcium pantothenate was stirred and dissolved in the filtrate at 35~40 ℃, filtered and cooled to 15 ℃, a small amount of calcium pantothenate crystal was added, and the crystal was cultivated for 2 hours. When the specific rotation is -0.6 ~-0.8. Crystallization is separated, washed with a small amount of methanol and dried in vacuum to obtain calcium dextran. Calcium β-aminopropionate and α-hydroxy β,β-dimethyl-γ-butyl propyl ester are prepared by heating condensation. using isobutyraldehyde and the like as raw materials, obtained by hydroxymethylation, addition, hydrolysis, acidification, internal esterification and acylation, formaldehyde and anhydrous potassium carbonate are put into a reaction pot, isobutyraldehyde is added dropwise at 14-20 ℃, heated and stirred for 3 hours after adding, and then let stand for 0.5h at 14-18 ℃ to obtain the upper oil 2,2-dimethyl -3-hydroxypropanal. Dissolve 2, 2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropanal in 4 times of water, dissolve sodium cyanide in 6 times of water, dissolve calcium clovarite in 2 times of water, and add the above solution to the reaction pot in turn, Add 50% sulfuric acid solution under stirring, react at 60-65 ℃ for 6h, then raise the temperature to 80-85 ℃ for 3h, and concentrate under reduced pressure until thick, 95% ethanol was added to precipitate and filter the inorganic salt. After the filtrate was distilled under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, the 130-145 ℃(1.33-2.39Kpa) fraction, namely γ-butyrolactone, was collected. β-aminopropionic acid, 5/6 methanol and lime were sequentially added to the reactor, the temperature was raised to 40 ℃, and the reaction was stirred for 2 hours. After the reaction liquid is left standing, the supernatant liquid is pressed and filtered. The solid residue in the pot is washed with 1/6 methanol and then filtered by pressure. The filtrate is placed in another reaction pot, added with γ-butyrolactone, stirred and dissolved, and placed at room temperature for 40h to react to produce calcium pantothenate. Add water, stir, cool to -5-0 ℃, add seed crystal, stir and crystallize for 24 hours, and filter to obtain racemic calcium pantothenate. Put 2/3 amount of racemic calcium pantothenate and levopantothenate into the reaction pot, add methanol and water, heat to 40 ℃, stir and dissolve, filter while hot, cool the filtrate to 15 ℃, add a small amount of levothenate calcium seed, and cultivate the crystal for 2 hours. When the specific rotation reaches 6 ° -8 °, the crystallization is separated and washed with a small amount of methanol to obtain calcium levopantothenate (still used for resolution). The remaining 1/3 of the racemic calcium pantothenate was stirred and dissolved in the filtrate at 35-40 ℃, filtered and cooled to 15 ℃, a small amount of calcium pantothenate seed was added, and the crystal was cultivated for 2 hours. Crystallization is separated when the specific rotation is -0.8 ° -0.6 °, washed with a small amount of methanol, and dried in vacuum to obtain calcium dexpantothenate. |
category | toxic substances |
toxicity classification | low toxicity |
acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 10000 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 10000 mg/kg |
flammability hazard characteristics | thermal decomposition discharges toxic nitrogen oxide smoke |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse low temperature ventilation and drying |
fire extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, foam |
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