Add time:07/21/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Phenanthrene and most of its known derivatives do not form stable, fluorescent excimers. Moderately intense, long-lived excimer fluorescence has been observed for lactone and lactam derivatives of phenanthrene. The solvatochromic shift of this excimer fluorescence is similar to that previously reported for the pyrene excimer. Stabilization of the excimer is attributed to the increased polarizability of phenanthrene by a coplanar carbonyl substituent. Excimer formation is not observed for a coplanar cyano substituent or an orthogonal carbonyl substituent.

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