Add time:07/24/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Publisher SummaryThis chapter discusses the description, methods of preparation, physical properties, stability, and methods of analysis of cortisone acetate. When obtained from 95% ethanol, cortisone occurs as rhombohedral platelets. Cortisone acetate can be obtained either as clusters of radiating rods from chloroform, or as a white crystalline powder. Cortisone is a natural corticosteroid secreted by the adrenal cortex along with many steroidal hormones. It has mainly glucocorticoidal activity and some degree of mineralo-corticoid activity. The drug is commercially available as the acetate ester, being esterified at the hydroxy methyl group (at C21). It is formulated as oral tablets (dosage strengths of 5 mg, 10 mg, and 25 mg), or as a parenteral sterile suspension (50 mg/mL) for intra-muscular administration. Cortisone acetate and hydrocortisone are usually the corticoids of choice for replacement therapy in patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency (such as Addison's disease), or after adrenalectomy where both glucocorticoid and mineralo-corticoid replacement is needed. In secondary adrenal insufficiency, associated with inadequate corticotrophin (ACTH) secretion, glucocorticoid replacement alone is usually adequate.

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