Add time:08/05/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

In this study, sulfated tin oxide was modified with cobalt oxide and aluminium oxide resulting in sulfated cobalt-tin (SO42-/Co2O3-SnO2) and sulfated aluminium-tin (SO42-/Al2O3-SnO2) mixed oxide catalysts, respectively. Their catalytic activities for esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in crude palm oil were investigated. Cobalt-tin and aluminium-tin mixed oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method. The mixed oxides were further impregnated with sulfate ions by immersing in sulfuric acid solution, dried and calcined at 450-500 °C. The properties of SO42-/Co2O3-SnO2 and SO42-/Al2O3-SnO2 samples were determined by nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction and potentiometric titration. The activities of SO42-/Co2O3-SnO2 and SO42-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts were tested in a stirred-tank reactor equipped with a reflux condenser. Esterification between crude palm oil containing 10-10.2 wt% of FFA and methanol was carried out at various reaction times. The comparison in the catalytic activities of SO42-/Co2O3-SnO2 and SO42-/Al2O3-SnO2 was made. The results showed that the SO42-/Al2O3-SnO2 had higher catalytic activity than SO42-/Co2O3-SnO2 in esterification of FFA to produce methyl esters.

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