Add time:08/02/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Publisher SummaryThis chapter presents the polymers with saturated carbon chain backbone. Polyolefins are hydrocarbon polymers with the backbone formed from a chain of aliphatic carbon atoms. This class includes polymers, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyisobutene. Some of the polymers from this class are vinyl polyhydrocarbons, because they are obtained from the polymerization of a vinyl derivative of the form CH2═CHR. However, only a few polyolefins use the name vinyl, one example being polyvinylcyclohexane. Polystyrenes form another class of polyhydrocarbons. The polymers from this class have many practical applications. The polystyrene type macromolecules have benzene groups attached on a saturated carbon chain. The most common polymer in the class is polystyrene (PS), which is obtained by the polymerization of styrene, usually in the presence of a peroxide initiator. Polystyrene has excellent characteristics necessary for use in commercial and industrial products. Halogenated polyolefins form another class of polymers. Some of the polymers from this class have important practical applications. Among these are poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride), and polytetrafluoroethylene. A number of halogenated polystyrenes are used in practice, either for specific applications as thermoplastics or in copolymers. Among the halogenated polystyrenes, the most common are the poly(chlorostyrenes). Poly(acrylates) and poly(methacrylates) form another class of common polymers with saturated carbon chain backbone. Polyacrylates can be considered vinyl polymers with the -COOR group attached at every other carbon atom in the chain. However, because of their common use and particular properties, polyacrylates form a separate polymer class together with polymethacrylates.

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