Add time:08/10/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Publisher SummaryThis chapter provides an overview of structure, screening, detection, and isolation methods for saframycins and isoquinolines. Mimosamycin is produced by Streptomyces lavendulae and detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the solvent layer of the fermentation beer. Naphthiridinomycin is a liable antibiotic that decomposes upon storage. The structural similarity between naphthyridinomycin and saframycin S suggests that the reactivity of the carbinolamines of the two antibiotics might be similar. Saframycin S is shown to react with sodium cyanide in aqueous medium to produce saframycin A and, indeed, naphthiridinomycin undergoes the same sort of reaction. Unlike saframycin A, safracin A is active on both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Safracin B was more effective than A on P388 leukemia in mice. The maximum T/C values were 140 to 159% with 50 or 100 mg/kg/day safracin A and were 161 to 197% with 0.5 or 1 mg/kg/day safracin B. Leukemia L1210 was less sensitive to these antibiotics. Maximum T/C values were 148% with 25 mg/kg/day of safracin A for 9 days and 200% with 0.5 mg/kg/day of safracin B.

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