Add time:08/21/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Publisher SummaryThere are three specific inhibitors currently used in experiments on adenine nucleotide transport—namely, atractyloside (or atractylate) (ATR), carboxyatractyloside (C-ATR), and bongkrekic acid (BA), were originally found to be linked to human intoxication. The former two inhibitors were first isolated from the Atractylis gummifera. The latter inhibitor was discovered as an excretory product of the bacterium Pseudomonas cocovenenans, which grows on coconut pulp. The three specific inhibitors have been radioactively labeled. This has made possible the in situ localization of the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) carrier in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the study of the binding properties of the inhibitors. Radioactive ATR was coupled to a photosensitive nitrene precursor capable of covalently bonding to proteins. Because ATR is highly specific for the mitochondrial ADP carrier, it is possible to covalently bind the radioactive inhibitor to this protein. This makes it possible to trace the ATR-binding protein and possibly, the whole ADP carrier system, during its extraction from mitochondria and during its purification in the presence of strong detergent.

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