Add time:08/16/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory drug, was intercalated in both Zn/Al-NO3 and Zn/Al-CO3 layered double hydroxides with three different LDH/DEXA molar ratios through ion-exchange technique. Then the maximum added drug nanohybrid (NL-1D) deposited into nanotubes of anodized titanium (ATS-NL-1D). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that dexamethasone anions are accommodated within the interlayer space of Zn/Al-NO3 LDHs, with the dspacing of 8.9 Å which became 21.215 Å after intercalation (NL-1D). However, it confirmed that dexamethasone anions only settled on the surface of Zn/Al-CO3 LDHs and we only demonstrated Zn/Al-CO3 data to prove that drug anions never intercalated into the interlayer space of these LDHs. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) also supported the formation of Zn/Al-NO3 LDHs and confirmed unsuccessful intercalation of the drug in Zn/Al-CO3 LDHs, therefore we continued our work with Zn/Al-NO3 LDHs. Thermal analysis (STA) showed that nanohybrids are more thermally stable than the drug alone. Furthermore, it demonstrated that dexamethasone loading for NL-1D was around 12%. In-vitro release study of LDH-DEXA nanohybrids suggested a considerable reduction in release rate due to the incarceration of drug molecules inside nanohybrids. Release rate showed even more reduction from ATS-NL-1D, because of entanglement of nanohybrid particles inside nanotubes of anodized titanium which justified the anodization process for implant application. Cell adhesion and viability studies revealed that ATS-NL-1D not only wasn’t toxic but also the osteoblast cells viability was more than 80% on these sheets. All in all, this work demonstrated that ATS-NL-1D is a suitable candidate for bone implant applications.

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