Add time:08/29/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Lactic acid is an important organic acid used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Its production by biotechnological routes is preferable to chemical processes mainly because of the possibility of obtaining pure isomers (d- or l-lactic acid). l-Lactic acid is easily assimilated by the human body, which is why it is the most common commercial form. Another important application of l-lactic acid is in polymerization to obtain highly crystalline poly-l-lactic acid, which is suitable for fiber and film production. Many efforts have been concentrated on the improvement of production procedures, including process conditions, cost reduction, and productivity increase. Among these, can be mentioned the screening of new strains, genetic amelioration of strains, and use of cocultures. The use of alternative substrates, use of renewable resources, and development of new bioreactor configurations and downstream processing appear as new strategies for lactic acid production improvement. This chapter discusses the main topics concerning the importance, applications, production, and recovery of lactic acid.

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