Add time:09/05/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Transparent ceramics doped with rare earth ions are materials which may challenge single crystals and glasses for solid-state lasers. Compared to oxides, fluoride compounds exhibit interesting optical properties for laser applications in the ultraviolet-blue or infrared wavelength regions. In this chapter, after a brief review of the different process to obtain fluoride transparent ceramics, attention is focused on the structural properties at the micro- and nanoscale of the as-obtained ceramics and their laser emission efficiencies. A particular attention is paid to the calcium fluoride doped with ytterbium, which is the most promising fluoride material for laser application. Fluoride transparent ceramics are obtained using two great families of processes. The first one uses as starting materials single crystals which are hot-formed under pressure while the second one uses nanopowders as starting powder which are sintered at high temperature under pressure or not. Microstructural properties of obtained ceramics are different, and the laser emission efficiencies are compared. The last advances in the process of fluoride transparent ceramics preparation from nanopowders have permitted to obtain laser emission efficiency similar to those obtained with the best hot-formed transparent ceramics and single crystals.

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