Add time:08/31/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

We have studied the effect of water on the selective conversion of biomass-derived carvone to carvacrol over Pd/Al2O3 (mean Pd size = 3 nm). Full selectivity to carvacrol was observed in H2O (H2O:Carvone = 1:12-6:1) without H2 or at an inlet H2:Carvone = 1:6. Carvacrol generation from carvone involves double bond migration with keto-enol tauromerisation. The formation of hydrogenation products (carvotanacetone and carvomenthone) was a feature of reaction at higher H2 content. The incorporation of water (H2O:Carvone ≤ 1:3) with hydrogen (H2:Carvone = 1:6-2:1) increased carvacrol production rate to deliver 100% yield. A higher H2O content lowered rate due to competition with carvone for surface active sites. Our results demonstrate the benefits of carvacrol production in continuous flow relative to conventional batch processes allowing full selective transformation under mild reaction conditions.

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