Add time:09/03/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

During the production of textile materials, the functional, comfort, and aesthetic properties are mainly improved in textile wet processing operations. This major step involves a huge amount of water for washing and dissolution media; consequently, it gets loaded with auxiliary chemicals and unfixed dyes as wastewater effluents. Similarly, a number of chemicals used as washing and finishing agents pollute the water used during wet processing operations. This wastewater contaminates the ecosystem if discharged untreated. The toxic effluent of dyestuffs used during the dyeing process could severely damage the ground water and aquatic life. Various step of wet processing involves a huge consumption of energy in different forms.Textile industry puts heavy strain on global resources as it utilizes huge amounts of energy, water, and hazardous chemicals. This situation has raised issues about the sustainability of textiles due to severe burden on environment. So, alternative approaches have become necessary to ensure the sustainability of textile wet processing. In recent years, green chemistry has emerged as an effective tool to make textile wet processing sustainable. Green chemistry has helped in the development of alternative green and biodegradable chemicals usable as wetting, washing, and finishing agents. Much more reactive and biodegradable dyes have been developed for effective dyeing processing to minimize the amount of unfixed dyes in wastewater. Ionic liquids have been developed as alternative medium to replace water consumption in wet processing, ensuring its sustainability. Further, a number of biomaterials have been developed for sustainable wet processing operations. Green chemistry has played its role to strengthen the idea of sustainable wet processing.

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