Add time:09/05/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Pollution and environmental conservation have increased visibility in the global context over past decades. Specifically, regarding lubricants market, concern has been raised due to the large amount of this material released to the environment. In this scenario, development of biodegradable lubricants was investigated. One of the most important class of biodegradable lubricants includes esters of dicarboxylic acids, as sebacic esters. The aim of this work was to study the enzymatic synthesis of diesters derived from sebacic acid in solvent-free system. The effects of commercial immobilized lipase (Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM IM, Lipozyme TL IM), lipase amount (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 wt.%), reaction temperature (90, 100, 110 °C) and molar ratio of reactants (sebacic acid/octanol molar ratio of 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7) were studied. Experiments using sulphuric acid as catalyst were carried out for the purpose of comparison. Sebacic acid conversion close to 100% and diester molar percentage higher than 90% were obtained at 100 °C, using 5 wt.% of Novozym and sebacic acid/octanol molar ratio of 1:5. Removal of water produced in the reaction (using molecular sieves, vacuum and free evaporation of water), and reuse of biocatalyst were also investigated. The product obtained was characterized (viscosity, viscosity index, flash point, pour point and acid number) and compared with commercial mineral lubricants. Synthesized esters showed suitable physico-chemical properties similar to naphthenic oil.

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