Add time:09/10/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Publisher SummaryThis chapter describes the properties of dihydroxycarboxylic and trihydroxycarboxylic acids, and related compounds. Mevalonic acid, HOCH2CH2C(CH3) (OH)CH2COOH, is an important intermediate in the study of many biosynthetic processes. A number of methods are available for the synthesis of labeled mevalonates. The study of methyl migrations during lanosterol biosynthesis has used mass spectrometric analysis of samples of labelled acetic acid obtained by degradation. Labelled gossic acid retains all the activity of the starting material and thus the initial cyclization does not involve cis, trans-farnesol that would lead to a loss of one-third of the label in gossic acid. Homoviridifloric acid can be isolated as an ester of trachelanthamidine, which is curassavine, the major alkaloid of Heliotropium curassavicum. L-threonine undergoes ammonolysis via a double inversion reaction involving aziridine ring formation giving L-threo-2,3-diaminobutanoic acid that can be isolated as its Nα-tosyl derivative. The formation of Lichen acids is considered to proceed by an aldol condensation of long chain alkanoyl-SCoA units with keto acids which, in turn, are formed by condensation of “starter” acetyl SCoA with molecules of malonyl-SCoA.

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