Add time:09/25/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Industrial citric acid (CA) production started nearly 100 years ago. CA production is a well-established bioprocess that employs parental or mutant strains of the fungus Aspergillus niger. CA production continues to rise because it exhibits versatility for many applications, primarily in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. As a result, CA is the most produced organic acid in the world. This chapter presents important information about CA production techniques and conditions and the factors that affect the biochemical pathways and synthesis of this acid and the recovery of the product. The most important applications, the demand for CA, and the manufacturers involved are also described. Alternative solutions for CA production optimization are presented, including strain mutagenesis and cocultures. These strategies are essential for addressing the economic variability of the market, which is significantly influenced by the Chinese market and the low prices of its citrate products.

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