Add time:09/28/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

SummaryWheat seed was adjusted to 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26% moisture content (m.c.), and stored for 240 days at 4 or 10°C following inoculation with a strain of Penicillium viridicatum producing the toxins, xanthomegnin (XA), viomellein (VIO), and brevianamide A (BA). Wheat kernels were not sterilized before inoculation. The concentration of ergosterol (ERG), a chemical indicator of fungal biomass, remained constant at 18 % m.c./4°C, but increased under the other conditions. The time before a detectable increase of ERG concentration was higher and the rate of ERG production lower with decreasing moisture content and temperature. XA and BA were produced at both temperatures at 20–26% m.c, VIO was produced at 22–26% m.c./4°C and 20–26% m.c./10°C. The results suggest or indicate that the onset of XA, VIO and BA production (detection limits: 10, 15, and 0.1 μg/kg, respectively) coincided with the onset of ERG production. Maximum toxin contents were lower with decreasing moisture content at both temperatures, but were similar at 4 and 10°C at 22–26% m.c. It is concluded that wheat contaminated with P. viridatum should not be stored beyond the onset of ergosterol production; maximum storage periods are recommended.

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