Add time:09/25/2019         Source:infona.pl

In this study, the properties of pure and GdCl 3 -doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films were investigated. X-ray diffraction revealed that the PVDF was composed of mixed α and β phases. Adding GdCl 3 to PVDF decreased the crystallinity of the polymer matrix. At room temperature, in the ultraviolet-visible range both the absorbance (a) and extinction coefficient (k) of PVDF decreased with GdCl 3 content, demonstrating that the optical response of the doped films improved because of increasing optical energy gap (E g ). We also measured the dielectric loss (ε″), electric modulus (M″), and ac conductivity (σ ac ) at 300–450K and 0.1–3000kHz. The pure and doped PVDF exhibited different relaxation processes. The activation energy (E a ) of the α c relaxation decreased with increasing GdCl 3 content, following an Arrhenius relationship. The behavior of the ac conductivity revealed that the conduction mechanism for studied films followed correlated barrier hopping model. The hopping distance (R) was calculated at different temperatures for all investigated samples.

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