The thermal conductivities of δ′-, δ-, δ+ε-, and ε-phase hafnium hydrides and deuterides with various hydrogen isotope concentrations (HfHx, 1.48 ⩽ x ⩽ 2.03; HfDx, 1.55 ⩽ x ⩽ 1.94) were evaluated within the temperature range of 290–570 K from the measured thermal diffusivity, calculated s...

The initial oxidation of hafnium hydride was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The clean surface of hafnium hydride was obtained by fracturing the specimen in an XPS measurement chamber under a background pressure of 2.7 × 10−6 Pa. The fractured surface was oxidized in situ wit...

The detection of hydrogen in a fast, efficient and accurate way is vital for its safe handling in industrial processes and in its use as an energy carrier. Thin film metal hydrides are able to probe the hydrogen pressure, often relying on a change of the optical properties of a sensing layer com...

This study treats the feasibility of long-lived hafnium hydride control rod in a large sodium-cooled fast breeder reactor by nuclear and thermal analyses. According to the nuclear calculations, it is found that hydrogen absorption of hafnium triples the reactivity by the neutron spectrum shift a...

Quantitative Vickers microhardnesses for α + δ′-, δ′-, δ-, δ + ɛ- and ɛ-phase hafnium hydrides (HfHx; 1.46 ≤ x ≤ 2.02) and deuterides (HfDx; 1.55 ≤ x ≤ 1.94) at room temperature have been measured using a Vickers hardness tester. The Vickers microhardnesses of the HfHx and HfDx gradua...

The hydrogen-rich compounds at high pressure may exhibit notably high superconducting transition temperatures. In the paper, we have calculated the basic thermodynamic parameters of the superconducting state in two selected phases of HfH2 hydride under high-pressure respectively at 180 GPa for C...

Dithane M-45, a ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicide widely used in agriculture, including moriculture and sericulture, was tested for its efficacy in inducing dominant lethals in Bombyx mori. A polyvoltine race of Pure Mysore was used for the studies and the topical application method was emp...

The fungicide Dithane M-45 when applied to the soil was regularly and significantly toxic to the total count of fungi at all doses used (4·48, 22·4 and 44·8 mg active ingredient per kg dry soil). The toxicity was regularly increased with dose and persisted till the end of the experiment (15 w...

Cytological effects of Dithane fungicides which are widely used in the control of blight diseases in fruits, vegetables, onion and other crops were tested for their mutagenic properties on Allium cepa. Peduncles with immature inflorescence buds were sprayed with 1000 and 1500 ppm of Dithane fung...

Acute (LD50) and short-term (14 days) toxicological examinations were performed in animal experiments on the interaction of a synthetic pyrethroid Decis 2,5 EC (25 g deltamethrin/l) and of ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate/Dithane M-45 (80% mancozeb), using a 1:5 deltamethrin/mancozeb mixture. LD50 va...

A subacute toxicological study of the effects of the ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate-containing fungicide Dithane M-45 (80% mancozeb) was carried out in male Wistar rats. The rats were given Dithane mixed in the feed at doses of 0, 10, 50, 75, 113, 169, 253 or 379 mg/kg body weight for 12 wk. One-th...

Two carbamate pesticides, Dithane M-45 and Baygon, were analysed for their cytogenetic effects using meiotic chromosome analysis and the micronucleus test in Swiss albino male mice. The three sub-lethal doses of 1687.5, 3375 and 5962.5 mg/kg bw of Dithane M-45 and 1250, 2500 and 3750 mg/kg bw of...

The present study investigates the potential neuroprotective effect of cerebrolysin (CBL), a combination of neurotrophic factors, on the cognitive and biochemical alterations induced by chronic ethanol administration in rats. The animals were divided into five groups as follows: control; ethanol...

Background ContextCerebrolysin is a mixture containing 85% free amino acids and 15% biologically active low–molecular weight peptides that is believed to mimic the effects of endogenous neurotrophic factors to interact with the pathologic process cascade of neurodegenerative diseases. No study ...

AimsMyocardial injury (MI) is the principal cause of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study was conducted to investigate the ameliorative and antioxidant effects of cerebrolysin (CBL) on isoproterenol-induced MI in rats.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most frequent forms of focal epilepsy; patients with this condition, in addition to exhibiting complex seizures, also exhibit cognitive deficits. In the temporal lobe, the hippocampus, a structure relevant to learning and memory processes, is particular...

BackgroundOur previous work in acute ischemic stroke and TBI models focused on efficacy and pharmacological parameters of Cerebrolysin®. In this prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study we compared efficacy of neuropeptide preparations with putative neurotrophic potential to th...

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus represents one of the disorders in the metabolism that affects all body systems including CNS. Cerebrolysin contains many neurotrophic factors, and many studies reported that it can be used treatment of many neurological disorders.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may occur after exposure to stressful, fearful or troubling events. Until now, there is no curable medication for this disorder. Cerebrolysin is a neuropeptide, which has an important role in the treatment of vascular dementia. In this study, the probable pr...

BackgroundMyocardial injury (MI) is an important heart condition and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The current study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of cerebrolysin (CLY) on the lesion severity and inflammatory factors in male rats using isoproteren...