The syntheses of high purity GeI2 and GeI4 from the elements are described. The vapour pressure over solid germanium (II) iodide has been measured by the static method with a membrane-gauge manometer from T=550 K to T=650 K and the molar enthalpy and entropy of sublimation calculated by second-l...

The rare-earth germanium sulfide iodides RE3Ge2S8I (RE = La, Ce, Pr) have been prepared by reaction of the elements at 900 °C. They adopt the monoclinic La3(SiO4)2Cl-type structure (space group C2/c, Z = 4; a = 16.156(4)–15.9760(9) Å, b = 7.9776(18)–7.8786(5) Å, c = 11.081(3)–10.9281(6) Å, β...

Germanium(II) iodide reacts with allyl bromide in the presence of zinc iodide to afford allylgermanium(IV), which adds to carbonyl compounds to give the corresponding homoallylic alcohols in good yields.

The syntheses of yttrium and gadolinium-silyl complexes of the form R(Me3Si)2SiMI2(THF)3 (M = Y, Gd; R = Et, SiMe3) through reactions of potassium silyl reagents, KSiR(SiMe3)2(THF)n (R = SiMe3, n = 2; R = Et, n = 0.5), with the appropriate metal halide precursors are described. The complexes are...

:The present study was the first approach conducted under environmental concentrations of Gd-DOTA and Gd-DTPA-BMA to assess cellular impacts of these compounds. Gd-DOTA (Gadoteric acid) is one of the most stable contrast agent, currently used as Dotarem® formulation during Magnetic Resonance Ima...

Neutron detection forms a critical branch of nuclear-related issues, currently driven by the search for competitive alternative technologies to neutron counters based on the helium-3 isotope. The deployment of plastic scintillators shows a high potential for efficient detectors, safer and more r...

Recently, anthropogenic enrichment of rare earth elements (REEs) have been reported in natural environments, due to increasing use and discharges of hospital/industrial wastewaters. Gadolinium (Gd), which is mainly used as contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging in medical exams, may reach...

The development of di- and trihydride phases on gadolinium metallic samples during the initial stage of the hydriding reaction at 100°C and under 0.5 atm of hydrogen was studied using combined microscopic examination, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and hydrogen absorption measurements. Samples were e...

The initial steps of hydrogen absorption in gadolinium systems are investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) under ultra high vacuum conditions. Gadolinium is grown on a W(1 1 0) substrate. Smooth films or islands can be obtained depending on the preparation conditions. Exposu...

We prepared three kinds of metal hydrides: Zr hydrides, Gd hydrides, and the hydrides of Zr–Gd alloys (Zr:Gd = 10:1, 8:1, 6:1), and characterized their mechanical properties. It was confirmed that the hydrides of Zr–Gd alloys were composed of Zr hydrides and Gd hydrides mixtures. We evaluated ...

The kinetics of precipitation of hydride growth centers (GCs) as well as the growth velocities of the individually growing precipitated hydride ‘patches’ on polycrystalline gadolinium surfaces have been the subject of some recent studies. Hot stage microscopy coupled with a CCD camera enabled ...

Epitaxial gadolinium films were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition on a molybdenum layer itself grown on a sapphire substrate. These films exhibit high structural order, as shown by RHEED and X-ray diffraction. The structure of hydrogenated films were also studied. The magnetic properties of...

The initial development of hydrides on polycrystalline gadolinium (Gd), as on some other hydride forming metals, is characterized by two sequential steps. The first step involves the rapid formation of a dense pattern of small hydride spots (referred to as the “small family” of hydrides) below...

A vacuum heat pretreatment is applied, in order to enhance the reactivity of hydride-forming metals towards hydrogen reaction. For gadolinium, as for other rare-earth metals and some actinides, pretreatment temperatures of about 470 K are sufficient to induce such activation. The different facto...

Thin Pd-capped rare-earth metallic films switch reversibly from their initial reflecting state (metal phase) to visually transparent state (insulator or semiconductor phase) when exposed to gaseous hydrogen. Palladium-capped Gadolinium films were prepared by rf-sputtering technique to produce ve...

An improvement of the optical properties of switchable mirrors is obtained by incorporating of silver (Ag) into the palladium (Pd) cap layer of nanocrystalline gadolinium hydride system Gd/GdH3. Two methods for modification of Pd layer with Ag are employed. The first method is the forming of an ...

The structural, electronic, elastic and magnetic properties of gadolinium and its hydrides GdHx (x=1, 2, 3) are investigated by using Vienna ab-initio simulation package with the generalized gradient approximation parameterized by Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof (GGA-PBE) plus a Hubbard parameter (G...

Tantalum capacitors (TCs) are widely used in electronic appliances. The rapid replacement of electronic products results in generating large amounts of waste TCs (WTCs). WTCs, rich in valuable tantalum, are considered as high quality tantalum resources for recycling. However, environmental pollu...

bis[2-(Dimethylaminomethyl)pyrrolyl]tantalum chloride (1) was prepared by treatment of the TaCl5 with 2 equiv. of [2-(dimethylaminomethyl)pyrrolyl]lithium. The solid state structure of 1 shows the seven-coordinated tantalum atom, with a geometry corresponding to a pentagonal bipyramidal structur...

Rhodium(0) nanoparticles supported on ceria (Rh NPs/CeO2) were prepared from the reduction of Rh3+ ions on the surface of ceria in aqueous medium. Rh NPs/CeO2 catalyst was found to be highly active in hydrogenation of benzene under mild conditions. It provided a TOF value of 495 h−1 in hydrogena...