616-47-7Relevant articles and documents
Selective N-Alkylation of Imidazole with Alcohols over Calcined Layered Double Hydroxides
Santhanalakshmi, Jayadevan,Raja, Thirumalaiswamy
, p. 2829 - 2831 (1997)
Vapor-phase N-alkylation syntheses of imidazole were carried out with MeOH and EtOH over a series of calcined MgII-AlIII layered double hydroxides (LDHs) selectively produced in high yields of N-methyl (70%) and N-ethyl (63%) imidazoles only on the 3 : 1 atomic ratio of MgII-AlIII calcined LDH. Attempts on C-alkylation and dialkylation reactions over the same catalysts proved to be unsuccessful.
Reactivity of Ionic Liquids: Reductive Effect of [C4C1im]BF4 to Form Particles of Red Amorphous Selenium and Bi2Se3 from Oxide Precursors
Knorr, Monika,Schmidt, Peer
, p. 125 - 140 (2020/12/17)
Temperature-induced change in reactivity of the frequently used ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4C1im]BF4) is presented as a prerequisite for the rational screening of reaction courses in material synthesis. [C4C1im]BF4 becomes active with oxidic precursor compounds in reduction reaction at ?≥200 °C, even without the addition of an external reducing agent. The reaction mechanism of forming red amorphous selenium from SeO2 is investigated as a model system and can be described similarly to the Riley oxidation. The reactive species but-1-ene, which is formed during the decomposition of [C4C1im]BF4, reacts with SeO2 and form but-3-en-2-one, water, and selenium. Elucidation of the mechanism was achieved by thermoanalytical investigations. The monotropic phase transition of selenium was analyzed by the differential scanning calorimetry. Beyond, the suitability of the single source oxide precursor Bi2Se3O9 for the synthesis of Bi2Se3 particles was confirmed. Identification, characterization of formed solids succeeded by using light microscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDX.
N-Alkylation of Imidazoles with Dialkyl and Alkylene Carbonates
Gabov,Khamidullina,Puzyrev,Ezhikova,Kodess,Pestov
, p. 2079 - 2086 (2021/02/09)
Abstract: The reactions of imidazoles with a series of dialkyl and alkylene carbonatesafforded the corresponding N-alkyl- andN-(hydroxyalkyl)imidazoles with highyields. The reactivity of dialkyl carbonates decreases in the series dimethyl> diethyl > dibutyl carbonate. Ethylene carbonate is a more efficientalkylating agent than trimethylene carbonate. The mechanisms of alkylation ofimidazole with dimethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate were studied by DFTquantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory.
Molecular tunability of surface-functionalized metal nanocrystals for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction
Pankhurst, James R.,Guntern, Yannick T.,Mensi, Mounir,Buonsanti, Raffaella
, p. 10356 - 10365 (2019/11/20)
Organic ligands are used in homogeneous catalysis to tune the metal center reactivity; in contrast, clean surfaces are usually preferred in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of a molecular chemistry approach to develop efficient and selective heterogeneous catalysts in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). We have tailor-made imidazolium ligands to promote the CO2RR at the surface of hybrid organic/inorganic electrode materials. We used silver nanocrystals for the inorganic component to obtain fundamental insights into the delicate tuning of the surface chemistry offered by these ligands. We reveal that modifying the electronic properties of the metal surface with anchor groups along with the solid/liquid interface with tail groups is crucial in obtaining selectivities (above 90% FE for CO), which are higher than the non-functionalized Ag nanocrystals. We also show that there is a unique dependency of the CO2RR selectivity on the length of the hydrocarbon tail of these ligands, offering a new way to tune the interactions between the metal surface with the electrolyte and reactants.
