Cement, portland, chemicals

Product Name: Portland cement
Molecular Formula: Unspecified
Synonyms of Portland cement (CAS NO.65997-15-1): Cement kiln dust ; EINECS 266-043-4 ; Kiln precipitator catch ; Portland cement kiln dust ; Portland cement plant kiln dust ; Waste kiln dust ; Cement, portland, chemicals ; Silicate, portland cement ; Portland cement [Silicates 9less than 1% crystalline silica)]
CAS NO: 65997-15-1
Classification Code: TSCA UVCB

  Portland cement (CAS NO.65997-15-1) was developed from so called natural cements made in Britain in the early part of the nineteenth century, and its name is derived from its similarity to Portland stone, a type of building stone that was quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England.
Joseph Aspdin, a British bricklayer, in 1824 was granted a patent for a process of making a cement which he called Portland cement. His cement was an artificial cement similar in properties to the material known as "Roman Cement" (patented in 1796 by James Parker) and his process was similar to that patented in 1822 and used since 1811 by James Frost who called his cement "British Cement". The name "Portland cement" is also recorded in a directory published in 1823 being associated with a William Lockwood and possibly others.
Aspdin's son William in 1843 made an improved version of this cement and he initially called it "Patent Portland cement" although he had no patent. In 1848 William Aspdin further improved his cement and in 1853 moved to Germany where he was involved in cement making. Many people have claimed to have made the first Portland cement in the modern sense, but it is generally accepted that it was first manufactured by William Aspdin at Northfleet, England in about 1842. The German Government issued a standard on Portland cement in 1878.

  Portland cement (CAS NO.65997-15-1) is used as a construction material, concrete can be cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can become a structural (load bearing) element.

There are three fundamental stages in the production of Portland cement (CAS NO.65997-15-1)1.Preparation of the raw mixture
2.Production of the clinker
3.Preparation of the cement

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

A nuisance dust. A skin irritant.
When Portland cement (CAS NO.65997-15-1) is mixed with water a highly alkaline solution (pH ~13) is produced by the dissolution of calcium, sodium and potassium hydroxides. Gloves, goggles and a filter mask should be used for protection. Hands should be washed after contact. Cement can cause serious burns if contact is prolonged or if skin is not washed promptly. Once the cement hydrates, the hardened mass can be safely touched without gloves.In Scandinavia, France and the UK, the level of chromium(VI), which is thought to be toxic and a major skin irritant, may not exceed 2 ppm (parts per million).
 

OSHA PEL: TWA Total Dust: 10 mg/m³; Respirable Fraction: 5 mg/m³
ACGIH TLV: TWA (nuisance particulate) 10 mg/m³ of total dust (when toxic impurities are not present, e.g., quartz <1%)
DFG MAK: 5 mg/m³
NIOSH REL: (Portland Cement, respirable fraction) TWA 5 mg/m³; (Portland Cement, total dust): TWA 10 mg/m³