1314-15-4 Usage
Description
Platinum dioxide (PtO2), also known as Adam's Catalyst, is a solid compound with a wide band-gap copolymer structure, consisting of electron-donating benzodithiophene (BDT) and electron-withdrawing thiophene carboxylate ester as the main backbone units. It is known for its good solubility in non-halogenated solvents such as xylenes and THF. Platinum dioxide is commonly used as a catalyst in various organic synthesis reactions, particularly in catalytic hydrogenation processes.
Uses
1. Hydrogenation Industry:
Platinum dioxide is used as a catalyst for hydrogenation reactions, facilitating the reduction of alkynes to alkenes, nitro compounds to amines, ketones, and the removal of phenyl groups attached to a heteroatom. It is particularly effective for reduction at room temperature and hydrogen pressures up to 4 atmospheres.
2. Dehydrogenation Applications:
In the dehydrogenation process, platinum dioxide is used as a catalyst for the conversion of 1,4-diketone to pyridazine.
3. Oxidation Reactions:
Platinum dioxide serves as a catalyst in the oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds.
4. Electronics Industry:
Due to its insolubility in aqueous solutions and extreme stability, platinum dioxide is used in thick film circuits and electronic components.
5. Energy Storage and Fuel Cells:
Platinum dioxide exhibits excellent hydrogen absorbing capacity, making it suitable for use as a hydrogen absorbing material. It is also utilized as a cathode in solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen generation systems, where certain perovskite-structured oxides are electronically conductive.
6. Biosensors:
Platinum (IV) oxide has been employed as a catalyst in amperometric biosensors based on oxidase enzymes, showing no cytotoxicity in cells of pulmonary origin when compared to its PtCl4 counterpart.
7. Pharmaceutical Synthesis:
Platinum (IV) oxide has been used for the reduction of specific compounds, such as the reduction of citronyl bromide to form (S)-3,7-dimethyloctylbromide, in the pharmaceutical industry.
Product Features
Platinum oxide whose chemical formula is PtO2 is used as Adams catalyst in organic synthesis. Its molecular weight is 227.03. It is brown-black powder or black solid; the melting point of it is 450 ℃ and the relative density is 10.2. It doesn’t dissolve in water, concentrated acid and aqua regia. It will be decomposed into oxygen and platinum when heated to 500 ℃. It can be reduced by hydrogen or carbon monoxide. It can be dissolved to generate platinum oxide (Ⅱ) when heated in sulfurous acid. There are a variety of hydrates of platinum oxide, such as dihydrate and trihydrate which is difficult to dissolve in sulfuric acid or nitric acid but soluble in hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution, and monohydrate insoluble in hydrochloric acid, or even aqua regia. PtO2 powder can be prepared generally from the melting chloroplatinic acid and sodium nitrate at about 500~550 ° C followed by the dissolution of the remaining nitrate in water and filtration. The trihydrate can be obtained when the yellow hexahydroxy platinic acid precipitate is heated black from brown, which is obtained after the boiling and cooling of the mixture of hexachloroplatinic acid and excess 2mol/L sodium hydroxide, followed by the neutralization of excess base. The trihydrate dried in sulfuric acid in a desiccator will generate dihydrate, which is then heated to 100 ° C to produce a monohydrate which is very difficult to dehydrate. Platinum oxide is widely used as a hydrogenation catalyst in organic synthesis (refer to catalytic hydrogenation reaction). However latinum black generated from the hydrogen reduction of platinum dioxide in the reaction acts as the actual catalyst.
Platinum Oxide
Platinum Oxide, or Platinum Dioxide, is a highly insoluble thermally stable Platinum source suitable for glass, optic and ceramic applications. Platinum oxide is a dark brown powder also known as Adam's Catalyst; it only becomes an active catalyst with exposure to Hydrogen. Oxide compounds are not conductive to electricity. However, certain perovskite structured oxides are electronically conductive finding application in the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen generation systems. They are compounds containing at least one oxygen anion and one metallic cation. High Purity (99.999%) Platinum Oxide (PtO2) PowderThey are typically insoluble in aqueous solutions (water) and extremely stable making them useful in ceramic structures as simple as producing clay bowls to advanced electronics and in light weight structural components in aerospace and electrochemical applications such as fuel cells in which they exhibit ionic conductivity. Metal oxide compounds are basic anhydrides and can therefore react with acids and with strong reducing agents in redox reactions. Platinum Oxide is also available in pellets, pieces, powder, sputtering targets, tablets, and nanopowder (from American Elements'nanoscale production facilities). Platinum Oxide is generally immediately available in most volumes. Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards. Nanoscale elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered.
References
1.http://reag.paperplane.io/00002324.htm
2.http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/206032?lang=zh®ion=CN
3.https://www.americanelements.com/platinum-dioxide-adams-catalyst-1314-15-4
4.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams%27s_catalyst#Uses
5.https://www.lookchem.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB1254558.htm
6.file:///C:/Users/zl/Downloads/Guide-ITS-90-Platinum-Resistance-Thermometry.pdf
Production Methods
PtO2 is obtained by reduction in chloroplatinic acid with
formaldehyde or by fusing chloroplatinic acid with sodium
nitrate.
Flammability and Explosibility
Notclassified
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 1314-15-4 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 1,3,1 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 1 and 5 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 1314-15:
(6*1)+(5*3)+(4*1)+(3*4)+(2*1)+(1*5)=44
44 % 10 = 4
So 1314-15-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/2O.Pt/rO2Pt/c1-3-2
1314-15-4Relevant articles and documents
The O-O Bonding and Hydrogen Storage in the Pyrite-type PtO2
Chen, Huawei,Zhou, Shuxiang,Morgan, Dane,Prakapenka, Vitali,Greenberg, Eran,Leinenweber, Kurt,Shim, Sang-Heon
, p. 8300 - 8307 (2019)
We have synthesized pyrite-type PtO2 (py-PtO2) at 50-60 GPa and successfully recovered it at 1 bar. The observed O-O stretching vibration in Raman spectra provides direct evidence for inter-oxygen bonding in the structure. We also identified the O-H vibrations in py-PtO2 synthesized from the lowerature areas, indicating hydrogenation, py-PtO2Hx (x ≤ 1). Diffraction patterns are consistent with a range of degrees of hydrogenation controlled by temperature. We found that py-PtO2 has a high bulk modulus, 314 ± 4 GPa. The chemical behaviors found in py-PtO2 have implications for the hydrogen storage in materials with anion-anion bonding, and the geochemistry of oxygen, hydrogen, and transition metals in the deep planetary interiors.
Avudaithai, M.,Kutty, T. R. N.
, p. 1675 - 1684 (1988)
PLATINUM LOSSES DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION.
Jehn
, p. p33-p41 (1981)
Platinum reacts with oxygen at high temperatures to form volatile oxides the evaporation of which considerably increases the platinum losses in oxygen-containing atmospheres compared with high vacuum conditions. The metal losses of polycrystalline platinum disks were determined in the pressure range 10** minus **1-10**5 Pa and at high temperatures (1300-1600 degree C) using a magnetic suspension balance. Marked temperature and pressure dependences were observed. The oxidation mechanism is discussed and the oxidation rates reported in the literature are reviewed.
Biochemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity against Some Human or Phyto-Pathogens of New Diazonium Heterocyclic Metal Complexes
El-Attar, Mohamed S.,Elshafie, Hazem S.,Sadeek, Sadeek A.,El-Farargy, Ahmed F.,El-Desoky, Sameh I.,El-Shwiniy, Walaa H.,Camele, Ippolito
, (2022/01/31)
String of vanadium (IV), zirconium (IV), palladium (II), platinum (IV) and uranium (VI) chelates of 2-cyano-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)hydrazono]thioacetamide (Cnphta) were prepared and characterized by physicochemical, spectroscopic and thermal analyses. The form
