6380-20-7Relevant articles and documents
Coupling of Reformatsky Reagents with Aryl Chlorides Enabled by Ylide-Functionalized Phosphine Ligands
Hu, Zhiyong,Wei, Xiao-Jing,Handelmann, Jens,Seitz, Ann-Katrin,Rodstein, Ilja,Gessner, Viktoria H.,Goo?en, Lukas J.
supporting information, p. 6778 - 6783 (2021/02/01)
The coupling of aryl chlorides with Reformatsky reagents is a desirable strategy for the construction of α-aryl esters but has so far been substantially limited in the substrate scope due to many challenges posed by various possible side reactions. This limitation has now been overcome by the tailoring of ylide-functionalized phosphines to fit the requirements of Negishi couplings. Record-setting activities were achieved in palladium-catalyzed arylations of organozinc reagents with aryl electrophiles using a cyclohexyl-YPhos ligand bearing an ortho-tolyl-substituent in the backbone. This highly electron-rich, bulky ligand enables the use of aryl chlorides in room temperature couplings of Reformatsky reagents. The reaction scope covers diversely functionalized arylacetic and arylpropionic acid derivatives. Aryl bromides and chlorides can be converted selectively over triflate electrophiles, which permits consecutive coupling strategies.
Pd-PEPPSI-IPent-SiO2: A Supported Catalyst for Challenging Negishi Coupling Reactions in Flow
Price, Gregory A.,Hassan, Abbas,Chandrasoma, Nalin,Bogdan, Andrew R.,Djuric, Stevan W.,Organ, Michael G.
supporting information, p. 13347 - 13350 (2017/10/17)
A silica-supported precatalyst, Pd-PEPPSI-IPent-SiO2, has been prepared and evaluated for its proficiency in the Negishi cross-coupling of hindered and electronically deactivated coupling partners. The precatalyst Pd-PEPPSI-IPent loaded onto packed bed columns shows high catalytic activity for the room-temperature coupling of deactivated/hindered biaryl partners. Also for the first time, the flowed Csp3–Csp2 coupling of secondary alkylzinc reagents to (hetero)aromatics has been achieved with high selectivity with Pd-PEPPSI-IPent-SiO2. These couplings required residence times as short as 3 minutes to effect completion of these challenging transformations with excellent selectivity for the nonrearranged product.
Palladium-catalysed direct cross-coupling of secondary alkyllithium reagents
Vila, Carlos,Giannerini, Massimo,Hornillos, Valentin,Fananas-Mastral, Martin,Feringa, Ben L.
, p. 1361 - 1367 (2014/03/21)
Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of secondary C(sp3) organometallic reagents has been a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis, due to the problems associated with undesired isomerisation or the formation of reduction products. Based on our recently developed catalytic C-C bond formation with organolithium reagents, herein we present a Pd-catalysed cross-coupling of secondary alkyllithium reagents with aryl and alkenyl bromides. The reaction proceeds at room temperature and on short timescales with high selectivity and yields. This methodology is also applicable to hindered aryl bromides, which are a major challenge in the field of metal catalysed cross-coupling reactions.