ACLONIFEN

Details:

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Inhibits carotenoid biosynthesis; target enzyme not known.  Mode of action Systemic, selective herbicide.  Uses Pre-emergence control of grass and broad-leaved weeds in winter wheat, potatoes, sunflowers, peas, carrots, maize, and other crops. Phytotoxicity Non-phytotoxic to potatoes, sunflowers, and peas. May be phytotoxic to cereals and maize at high dose rates.  Formulation types SC.  Selected products: 'Challenge' (Bayer CropScience)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Bandur' (Bayer CropScience); 'Fenix' (Bayer CropScience) mixtures: 'Acajou' (+ isoxaflutole) (Bayer CropScience); 'Lagon' (+ isoxaflutole) (Bayer CropScience); 'Manager' (+ alachlor) (Bayer CropScience); 'Nikeyl' (+ flurtamone) (Bayer CropScience) Discontinued products: 'Bandren' * (Rh鬾e-Poulenc)

ANALYSIS
Product and residue analysis by glc. Details from Bayer CropScience. 

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats and mice >5000 mg/kg.  Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >5000 mg/kg. Slight skin irritant; non-irritating to eyes (rabbits).  Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >5.06 mg/l air.  NOEL (90 d) for rats 28 mg/kg b.w. daily; (180 d) for dogs 12.5 mg/kg b.w. daily.  ADI 0.02 mg/kg (France).  Other Non-mutagenic in the Ames test. Not embryotoxic or teratogenic in rats. Does not affect reproduction in rats at 2000 ppm over 2 generations.  Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) U  EC classification N; R50, R53 

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for Japanese quail and canaries >15 000 mg/kg b.w.  Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 0.67, carp 1.7 mg/l.  Daphnia EC50 (48 h) 2.5 mg/l.  Algae EC50 (96 h) 6.9 mg/l.  Bees Not toxic to bees. LD50 (oral) >100 mg/bee.  Worms LC50 (14 d) 300 mg/kg. 

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals In rats, following oral administration, 62-65% is excreted in the urine, principally in the form of polar compounds. No bioaccumulation.  Plants In plants, hydroxylation occurs on both benzene rings. DT50 c. 14 d.  Soil/Environment In sterile water, stable between pH 3 to 9. DT50 in water in presence of micro-organisms c. 1 mo. In soil, DT50 36-80 d (22 篊). Koc 5318-12 164. Unlikely to leach: -0.13 < GUS < 0.64.