NOVALURON

Details:

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Chitin synthesis inhibitor, affecting moulting.  Mode of action Absorbed mainly by ingestion but shows some contact activity. Causes abnormal endocuticular deposition and abortive moulting. Effective against larvae, but also has a toxic effect on eggs of some species and in some cases reduces fecundity.  Uses Under development by Makhteshim Chemical Works for control of Lepidoptera (Spodoptera spp., Plutella xylostella, Cydia spp., etc), Coleoptera (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), Diptera, whitefly, and leaf miners, in cotton, potatoes, citrus, top fruit, vegetables, and maize (I. Ishaaya et al., Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Pests Dis., 1996, 3, 1013). Formulation types EC; SC.  Selected products: 'Rimon' (Makhteshim-Agan)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Galaxy' (Makhteshim-Agan); 'Pedestal' (Makhteshim-Agan, Crompton)

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats >5000 mg/kg.  Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg. Not irritating to eyes and skin (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser (guinea pigs).  Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >5.15 mg/l air.  NOEL (2 y) for rats 1.1 mg/kg b.w. daily. 

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for mallard ducks >2000 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (5 d) for bobwhite quail and mallard ducks >5200 ppm.  Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout and bluegill sunfish >1 mg/l.  Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 0.259 mg/l.  Algae Non-toxic.  Bees LC50 (oral and contact) >100 mg/bee.  Worms Non-toxic.  Other beneficial spp. Non-toxic. 

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals The major route of elimination was via the faeces.  Plants In potatoes and apples, a.i. remains unchanged.  Soil/Environment DT50 (aerobic) 68.5-75.5 d (sandy loam and loamy sand soils). Strongly adsorbed to soil, Koc 6650-11 813.