L(+)-Ascorbic acid

Details:

 Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) Product Details

1. Basic Information:

- Chemical Name: Ascorbic Acid
- Alternative Name: Vitamin C
- Chemical Formula: C?H?O?
- Molecular Weight: 176.12 g/mol
- CAS Number: 50-81-7

2. Physical Properties:

- Appearance: White to slightly yellow crystalline powder
- Odor: Odorless or slightly citrus-like
- Solubility: Soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in fats and oils
- Melting Point: Approximately 190-192 °C (374-378 °F)
- pH: Solutions of ascorbic acid are acidic, typically around pH 2.5-3.5

3. Chemical Properties:

- Stability: Ascorbic acid is sensitive to light, heat, and air. It can degrade to dehydroascorbic acid in the presence of oxygen or at high temperatures.
- Reactivity: It is a reducing agent and can act as an antioxidant, neutralizing free radicals.

4. Common Forms and Packaging:

- Powder Form: Available as a fine white crystalline powder. Commonly packed in airtight containers to protect from moisture and light.
- Tablets and Capsules: Used in dietary supplements and pharmaceutical applications.
- Liquid Form: Used in certain formulations and solutions, often stored in amber bottles to minimize light exposure.

5. Production:

- Synthetic Production: Ascorbic acid is primarily produced synthetically from glucose through a multi-step process involving fermentation and chemical reactions.
- Natural Sources: It can also be extracted from natural sources such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, and other fruits and vegetables, though synthetic production is more common for industrial use.

6. Applications:

- **Nutritional Supplements:
  - Vitamin C Source: Used to prevent or treat vitamin C deficiency and support overall health.
  - Immune Support: Enhances immune function and overall well-being.
  
- Skincare:
  - Anti-Aging: Improves skin elasticity and reduces signs of aging by stimulating collagen production.
  - Brightening: Helps to lighten hyperpigmentation and even out skin tone.
  - Antioxidant: Protects the skin from oxidative stress and environmental damage.

- Food Industry:
  - Preservative: Used as an antioxidant to prevent oxidation and spoilage in processed foods.
  - Nutrient Fortification: Added to foods and beverages to increase their vitamin C content.

- Pharmaceuticals:
  - Drug Formulation: Used in the formulation of various medications for its stability and beneficial effects.
  - Therapeutic Use: Investigated for potential roles in treatment and management of various health conditions.

- Cosmetics:
  - Stabilizing Agent: Helps to stabilize other active ingredients and improve the efficacy of cosmetic formulations.

**7. Safety and Handling:

- Toxicity: Ascorbic acid is generally considered safe. High doses can cause gastrointestinal discomfort or diarrhea.
- Handling: Use personal protective equipment (PPE) to avoid inhalation and prolonged skin contact. Store in a cool, dry place away from light.
- **Disposal:** Ascorbic acid is biodegradable and can be disposed of according to standard waste disposal regulations.

8. Environmental and Regulatory Information:

- Regulatory Status: Ascorbic acid is widely recognized as safe (GRAS) and is approved for use in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics by regulatory agencies such as the FDA and EFSA.
- **Labels: Products containing ascorbic acid should include proper labeling with ingredient information and safety data sheets (SDS).

9. Economic and Practical Considerations:

- Cost-Effectiveness: Ascorbic acid is relatively inexpensive to produce and purchase, making it a cost-effective ingredient for a range of applications.
- Versatility: Its benefits extend across nutritional supplements, skincare, food preservation, and pharmaceuticals.

### Summary

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a crucial compound with wide-ranging benefits and applications. Its role as an essential nutrient, antioxidant, and preservative highlights its importance in various industries, including health, skincare, food, and pharmaceuticals. Its safety profile, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness make it a valuable ingredient across numerous products.