Quinine(8CI) (-)-Quinine (8S,9R)-Quinine
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Common Name | Quinine |
CAS Number | 130-95-0 |
Molecular Weight | 324.417 |
Molecular Formula | C20H24N2O2 |
Density | 1.2±0.1 g/cm3 |
Boiling Point | 495.9±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
Melting Point | 176-177ºC |
Flash Point | 253.7±27.3 °C |
Exact Mass | 324.183777 |
PSA | 45.59000 |
LogP | 3.44 |
Vapour Pressure | 0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C |
Index of Refraction | 1.638 |
Storage condition | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
EINECS | 205-003-2 |
Quinine, also known as cinchona frost and cinchona alkaloids, is the main alkaloid in the bark of the cinchona tree and its cognate plants of the Rubiaceae family. The cinchona bark contains more than 20 alkaloids. In addition to quinine, there are also quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine with antimalarial effects. All the alkaloids of cinchona bark are used as antimalarial and antipyretic drugs, called cinchona alkaloids or whole quinine.
Quinine belongs to the quinoline class chemically and is an isomer of quinidine. White amorphous powder or crystals, odorless, extremely bitter. Melting point 172.8℃, left-handed optical rotation, [α]D20-168° (ethanol). Soluble in ethanol, chloroform, benzene, ether, slightly soluble in water. Its dilute sulfuric acid solution has blue fluorescence, and it turns emerald green when bromine water and excess ammonia water are added. Cinchona bark powder is treated with lime and sodium hydroxide, extracted with kerosene, neutralized with dilute sulfuric acid, and the precipitated quinine sulfate is reacted with ammonia to obtain it. It can also be synthesized with m-hydroxybenzaldehyde and α-aminoacetaldehyde as raw materials. It is used to treat and prevent various malaria, and its sulfate or hydrochloride is used medicinally.
Quinine sulfate: It is a white fine needle-shaped crystal, soft and easy to compress, odorless, extremely bitter, gradually turns brown in sunlight, its saturated aqueous solution is left-handed and neutral, and is slightly soluble in water and ethanol.
Quinine hydrochloride: It is a colorless or white mercerized needle-shaped crystal, odorless, extremely bitter, gradually changes color in sunlight, has weathering properties, soluble in water, very soluble in boiling water, and easily soluble in ethanol or chloroform.
Quinine dihydrochloride: It is a white powder, odorless, extremely bitter, gradually changes color in sunlight, and its aqueous solution shows an acidic reaction, very soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in chloroform, and insoluble in ether. Important derivatives of quinine, such as ethyl carbonate (eucine), are also called "tasteless quinine" because they have no bitter taste and are specifically for oral use by children.
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