Add time:08/05/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Liquid-liquid extraction using aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) presents advantages when compared to traditional liquid-liquid extraction. In this work, the extracting behavior of thallium (III) in the polyethylene glycol-based aqueous two-phase system (PEG–ATPs) was thoroughly investigated. The PEG-ATPs used in this study contains 2.5 M (NH4)2SO4 as a phase forming salt and 30% (v/v) PEG(400) solution. Thallium (III) partitioning was evaluated by turning the processing parameters including the concentration of chlorine, solution pH, reaction time, temperature and initial metal ion concentration. It is found that the efficient extraction of metal ions mainly depends on the concentration of chlorine. By increasing the chlorine concentration or decreasing the solution pH, the extraction of metal ions increased markedly. Na2SO3 is demonstrated to be an excellent reducing agent for the back extraction of PEG-Tl(III); a back extraction rate of 76% yielded. Temperature shows a significant impact on the exaction of Tl(III) (97.0% of Tl(III) extracted within 3.0 min reaction at 320 K), but a minor effect on the extraction of other metal ions (e.g., NH4+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Sb3+, Fe3+, Pb2+ and Bi3+, etc.) in the system. Results from conductivity test, infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry demonstrated that the complexation reaction between PEG and Tl (III) can form a complex structure with oxygen atoms in the polyethylene glycol molecule(PEG(400)-Tl(III)).One thallium(III) ion coordinated with four PEG structural units for the novel structure. The use of PEG-ATPS for the extraction of thallium(III) ions has a great potential due to their durability, non-toxicity and relatively low cost. The aqueous phases can be easily separated by centrifugation, and the operation is possible in an arrange of experimental conditions. Overall, PEG is an environmental-friendly and efficient extraction agent for the removal of thallium from wastewater.

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