Add time:08/29/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

The formation and further transformation of esters belongs to the fundamentals of organic chemistry. Moreover, some esters have enormous importance; for example triglycerides (1), in the form of fats and oils, are produced in million ton quantities for a number of applications. Other esters, e.g. (2) and (3), are olifactory components; waxes, e.g. (4), are used commercially to protect metallic surfaces against corrosion. Aspartame (5) is an important artificial sweetener, and pyrethrin (6) is the prototype of the pyrethroids, an unusually potent class of insecticides.1 Apart from these more applied considerations, esters are important synthetic intermediates in a number of multistep sequences. Striking examples are chain elongations via Horner alkenation or α-alkylations of ester enolates, in particular the ones stereocontrolled by chiral auxiliaries.2

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