Add time:09/07/2019         Source:sciencedirect.com

Fatty acids derived from the diet or as by-products of gut microbial metabolism can modulate immune cell function and shape gut microbiota composition, thus influencing the health status of individuals. The Western diet is qualitatively imbalanced in its fatty acid content, with a higher proportion of trans-saturated fat and omega-6 fatty acids and a concurrent decrease in dietary fiber—precursor for short-chain fatty acids production. The consumption of this diet over the past century coincides with an increased incidence of noncommunicable diseases such as allergies and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the impact of fatty acids on immune cell function, shaping gut microbial composition, and disease development with a particular emphasis on medium- and long-chain fatty acids.

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