Product Name

  • Name

    Amiodarone

  • EINECS 217-772-1
  • CAS No. 1951-25-3
  • Article Data3
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 1.581 g/cm3
  • Solubility 716.4mg/L(25 oC)
  • Melting Point 156oC
  • Formula C25H29I2NO3
  • Boiling Point 635.073 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 645.319
  • Flash Point 337.88 °C
  • Transport Information
  • Appearance
  • Safety 36
  • Risk Codes 20/21/22
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 1951-25-3 (Amiodarone)
  • Hazard Symbols HarmfulXn
  • Synonyms Ketone,2-butyl-3-benzofuranyl 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl (7CI,8CI);2-Butyl-3-[3,5-diiodo-4-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)benzoyl]benzofuran;2-Butyl-3-benzofuranyl p-[(2-diethylamino)ethoxy]-m,m-diiodophenyl ketone;2-n-Butyl-3',5'-diiodo-4'-N-diethylaminoethoxy-3-benzoylbenzofuran;Sedacoron;Sedacorone;
  • PSA 42.68000
  • LogP 6.93620

Synthetic route

2-chloro-N,N-diethylethylamine hydrochloride
869-24-9

2-chloro-N,N-diethylethylamine hydrochloride

2-n-butyl-3-(3',5'-diiodo-4'-hydroxybenzoyl)benzofuran
1951-26-4

2-n-butyl-3-(3',5'-diiodo-4'-hydroxybenzoyl)benzofuran

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium carbonate; sodium iodide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 12h;91%
2-n-butyl 3-(4-methoxy benzoyl)-benzofuran
83790-87-8

2-n-butyl 3-(4-methoxy benzoyl)-benzofuran

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane
2: sodium hydroxide; iodine / methanol / 3 h / 0 - 20 °C
3: potassium carbonate; sodium iodide / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-heptanedione
1137261-90-5

1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-heptanedione

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: N-Bromosuccinimide; aluminum (III) chloride / nitromethane / 6 h / 80 °C
2: boron tribromide / dichloromethane
3: sodium hydroxide; iodine / methanol / 3 h / 0 - 20 °C
4: potassium carbonate; sodium iodide / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone
100-06-1

1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1: sodium hydride / mineral oil; tetrahydrofuran / Reflux
2: N-Bromosuccinimide; aluminum (III) chloride / nitromethane / 6 h / 80 °C
3: boron tribromide / dichloromethane
4: sodium hydroxide; iodine / methanol / 3 h / 0 - 20 °C
5: potassium carbonate; sodium iodide / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
methyl valerate
624-24-8

methyl valerate

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1: sodium hydride / mineral oil; tetrahydrofuran / Reflux
2: N-Bromosuccinimide; aluminum (III) chloride / nitromethane / 6 h / 80 °C
3: boron tribromide / dichloromethane
4: sodium hydroxide; iodine / methanol / 3 h / 0 - 20 °C
5: potassium carbonate; sodium iodide / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
amiodarone decahydrochloride

amiodarone decahydrochloride

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium carbonate In dichloromethane; water for 5h;
tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether
67969-82-8

tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene-S-oxide

2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene-S-oxide

C37H32F4I2NO3S2(1+)*2BF4(1-)*H(1+)

C37H32F4I2NO3S2(1+)*2BF4(1-)*H(1+)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene; trifluoroacetic anhydride In acetonitrile at 0 - 25℃; regioselective reaction;92%
...Expand
tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether
67969-82-8

tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether

sodium tetrafluoroborate
13755-29-8

sodium tetrafluoroborate

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene-S-oxide

2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene-S-oxide

C37H32F4I2NO3S2(1+)*BF4(1-)

C37H32F4I2NO3S2(1+)*BF4(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether; Amiodarone; 2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene-S-oxide With trifluoroacetic anhydride In acetonitrile at 0 - 25℃; for 3h; Sealed tube;
Stage #2: sodium tetrafluoroborate In dichloromethane; water		92%
...Expand
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

di-tert-butyl chloromethyl phosphate
229625-50-7

di-tert-butyl chloromethyl phosphate

di-tert-butyl N-(phosphonooxymethyl)amiodaronium chloride

di-tert-butyl N-(phosphonooxymethyl)amiodaronium chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine; sodium iodide In acetonitrile at 40℃; for 24h;48%
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

desethylamiodarone

desethylamiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
in vivo metabolism (human);
With carbonochloridic acid 1-chloro-ethyl ester In toluene for 16h; Heating;
With human liver microsomes Kinetics; Concentration; Reagent/catalyst;
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

A

desethylamiodarone

desethylamiodarone

B

Didesethyl-deiodo-amiodarone

Didesethyl-deiodo-amiodarone

C

Didesethylamiodarone

Didesethylamiodarone

D

Deiodoamiodarone

Deiodoamiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium hydroxide; ammonium formate In acetonitrile Reactivity; Electrochemical reaction;
...Expand
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

A

desethylamiodarone

desethylamiodarone

B

Didesethylamiodarone

Didesethylamiodarone

C

Deiodoamiodarone

Deiodoamiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium hydroxide; ammonium formate In acetonitrile Reactivity; Electrochemical reaction;
...Expand
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

A

desethylamiodarone

desethylamiodarone

B

Deiodoamiodarone

Deiodoamiodarone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium hydroxide; ammonium formate In acetonitrile Reactivity; Electrochemical reaction;
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

(+/-)-{4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl}[2-(3-hydroxybutyl)benzofuran-3-yl]methanone

(+/-)-{4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl}[2-(3-hydroxybutyl)benzofuran-3-yl]methanone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With CYP2J2 recombinant enzyme; NADPH In aq. phosphate buffer at 37℃; for 1h; pH=7.4; Enzymatic reaction;
tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether
67969-82-8

tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether

sodium tetrafluoroborate
13755-29-8

sodium tetrafluoroborate

Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene
1225203-47-3

2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene

C37H32F4I2NO3S2(1+)*BF4(1-)

C37H32F4I2NO3S2(1+)*BF4(1-)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: tetrafluoroboric acid diethyl ether; Amiodarone; 2,3,7,8-tetrafluorothianthrene With trifluoroacetic anhydride In acetonitrile at 0 - 25℃; for 3h;
Stage #2: sodium tetrafluoroborate With sodium hydrogencarbonate In dichloromethane; water		914 mg
...Expand
Amiodarone
1951-25-3

Amiodarone

chloroamiodarone trifluoroacetic acid

chloroamiodarone trifluoroacetic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: trifluoroacetic anhydride / acetonitrile / 3 h / 0 - 25 °C / Sealed tube
2: tris(2,2-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate; tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I)tetrafluoroborate; lithium chloride / acetonitrile / 8 h / 22 °C / Irradiation; Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: trifluoroacetic anhydride / acetonitrile / 3 h / 0 - 25 °C
2: tris(2,2-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate; tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I)tetrafluoroborate; lithium chloride / acetonitrile / 8 h / 22 °C / Irradiation; Inert atmosphere
View Scheme

Amiodarone Standards and Recommendations

DOT Classification:  3; Label: Flammable Liquid

Amiodarone Specification

The Amiodarone, with the CAS registry number 1951-25-3, is also known as 2-Butyl-3-benzofuranyl-4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl ketone. It belongs to the classification codes of Anti-arrhythmia Agents; Cardiac depressant [anti-arrhythmic, ventricular]; Cardiovascular Agents; Drug / Therapeutic Agent; Enzyme Inhibitors; Human Data; Vasodilator Agents. Its EINECS registry number is 217-772-1. This chemical's molecular formula is C25H29I2NO3 and molecular weight is 645.31. What's more, both its IUPAC name and systematic name are the same which is called (2-Butyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-[4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl]methanone. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent used for various types of cardiac dysrhythmias, both ventricular and atrial. Despite relatively common side-effects, it is used in arrhythmias that are otherwise difficult to treat with medication. When you are dealing with this chemical, you should be very careful. This chemical may cause damage to health. It is harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.

Physical properties about Amiodarone are: (1)ACD/LogP: 7.815; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 2; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 4.78; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 5.87; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 475.19; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 5787.95; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 394.32; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 4802.97; (9)#H bond acceptors: 4; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 11; (12)Polar Surface Area: 42.68 ?2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.625; (14)Molar Refractivity: 144.381 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 408.224 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 57.237×10-24cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 47.799 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 1.581 g/cm3; (19)Flash Point: 337.88 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 93.852 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 635.073 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 0 mmHg at 25 °C.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1) SMILES: Ic1cc(cc(I)c1OCCN(CC)CC)C(=O)c2c3ccccc3oc2CCCC
(2) InChI: InChI=1S/C25H29I2NO3/c1-4-7-11-22-23(18-10-8-9-12-21(18)31-22)24(29)17-15-19(26)25(20(27)16-17)30-14-13-28(5-2)6-3/h8-10,12,15-16H,4-7,11,13-14H2,1-3H3
(3) InChIKey: IYIKLHRQXLHMJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
child LDLo oral 568mg/kg/9W-I (568mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE

LIVER: FATTY LIVER DEGERATION		 Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 107, Pg. 967, 1985.
man LDLo oral 1869mg/kg/22W (1869mg/kg) VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION

ENDOCRINE: EVIDENCE OF THYROID HYPOFUNCTION

BEHAVIORAL: COMA		 American Journal of Medicine. Vol. 77, Pg. 751, 1984.
man LDLo oral 2086mg/kg/2Y- (2086mg/kg) LIVER: "HEPATITIS (HEPATOCELLULAR NECROSIS), ZONAL"

LIVER: LIVER FUNCTION TESTS IMPAIRED		 Netherlands Journal of Medicine. Vol. 29, Pg. 303, 1986.
man LDLo unreported 3650mg/kg/3.5 (3650mg/kg) LIVER: OTHER CHANGES

BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

ENDOCRINE: OTHER CHANGES		 Clinical Endocrinology Vol. 45, Pg. 365, 1996.
man TDLo intravenous 4286ug/kg (4.286mg/kg) BRAIN AND COVERINGS: INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE Critical Care Medicine. Vol. 13, Pg. 688, 1985.
man TDLo intravenous 26mg/kg/1D-C (26mg/kg) CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE

CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION)		 American Heart Journal. Vol. 131, Pg. 1214, 1996.
man TDLo oral 60mg/kg/2W-I (60mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: STRUCTURAL OR FUNCTIONAL CHANGE IN TRACHEA OR BRONCHI

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES

BLOOD: CHANGES IN OTHER CELL COUNT (UNSPECIFIED)		 Chest. Vol. 88, Pg. 630, 1985.
man TDLo oral 133mg/kg/23D- (133mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): PHOTOSENSITIVITY: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE Lancet. Vol. 1, Pg. 51, 1984.
man TDLo oral 390mg/kg/39W- (390mg/kg) ENDOCRINE: EVIDENCE OF THYROID HYPERFUNCTION

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: STRUCTURAL OR FUNCTIONAL CHANGE IN TRACHEA OR BRONCHI		 Netherlands Journal of Medicine. Vol. 42, Pg. 21, 1993.
man TDLo oral 1714mg/kg/21W (1714mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: COUGH

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS		 New England Journal of Medicine. Vol. 308, Pg. 779, 1983.
man TDLo oral 3651mg/kg/2.3 (3651mg/kg) LIVER: "HEPATITIS, FIBROUS (CIRRHOSIS, POST-NECROTIC SCARRING)"

LIVER: LIVER FUNCTION TESTS IMPAIRED

LIVER: MULTIPLE EFFECTS		 American Journal of Gastroenterology. Vol. 83, Pg. 161, 1988.
man TDLo unreported 51mg/kg/6D-C (51mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" British Medical Journal. Vol. 296, Pg. 1322, 1988.
man TDLo unreported 57mg/kg/5D-I (57mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP Annals of Internal Medicine. Vol. 97, Pg. 561, 1982.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 254mg/kg (254mg/kg)   European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene. Vol. 8, Pg. 122, 1975.
mouse LD50 intravenous 178mg/kg (178mg/kg)   European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene. Vol. 8, Pg. 188, 1975.
mouse LD50 oral > 4gm/kg (4000mg/kg)   European Patent Application. Vol. #0076973,
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 885mg/kg (885mg/kg)   European Patent Application. Vol. #0076973,
women TDLo intravenous 3mg/kg (3mg/kg) BRAIN AND COVERINGS: INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE Critical Care Medicine. Vol. 13, Pg. 688, 1985.
women TDLo intravenous 36mg/kg/1D-I (36mg/kg) ENDOCRINE: EVIDENCE OF THYROID HYPERFUNCTION Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. Vol. 21, Pg. 165, 1985.
women TDLo multiple routes 1475mg/kg/7W- (1475mg/kg) CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES American Journal of Cardiology. Vol. 58, Pg. 1110, 1986.
women TDLo oral 64mg/kg/4D-I (64mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING

GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF ENDOCRINE PANCREAS

CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION)		 Lancet. Vol. 350, Pg. 1300, 1997.
women TDLo oral 416mg/kg/30D- (416mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Archives of Internal Medicine. Vol. 147, Pg. 50, 1987.
women TDLo oral 5200mg/kg/5Y- (5200mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION

BEHAVIORAL: ANOREXIA (HUMAN		 Respiration. Vol. 49, Pg. 157, 1986.
women TDLo oral 5796mg/kg/69W (5796mg/kg) MUSCULOSKELETAL: OTHER CHANGES

ENDOCRINE: OTHER CHANGES		 Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Vol. 8, Pg. 605, 1987.
women TDLo unreported 48mg/kg/3D-I (48mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP American Heart Journal. Vol. 130, Pg. 399, 1995.

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