847818-74-0Relevant articles and documents
Cross-Coupling through Ag(I)/Ag(III) Redox Manifold
Demonti, Luca,Mézailles, Nicolas,Nebra, Noel,Saffon-Merceron, Nathalie
supporting information, p. 15396 - 15405 (2021/10/12)
In ample variety of transformations, the presence of silver as an additive or co-catalyst is believed to be innocuous for the efficiency of the operating metal catalyst. Even though Ag additives are required often as coupling partners, oxidants or halide scavengers, its role as a catalytically competent species is widely neglected in cross-coupling reactions. Most likely, this is due to the erroneously assumed incapacity of Ag to undergo 2e? redox steps. Definite proof is herein provided for the required elementary steps to accomplish the oxidative trifluoromethylation of arenes through AgI/AgIII redox catalysis (i. e. CEL coupling), namely: i) easy AgI/AgIII 2e? oxidation mediated by air; ii) bpy/phen ligation to AgIII; iii) boron-to-AgIII aryl transfer; and iv) ulterior reductive elimination of benzotrifluorides from an [aryl-AgIII-CF3] fragment. More precisely, an ultimate entry and full characterization of organosilver(III) compounds [K]+[AgIII(CF3)4]? (K-1), [(bpy)AgIII(CF3)3] (2) and [(phen)AgIII(CF3)3] (3), is described. The utility of 3 in cross-coupling has been showcased unambiguously, and a large variety of arylboron compounds was trifluoromethylated via [AgIII(aryl)(CF3)3]? intermediates. This work breaks with old stereotypes and misconceptions regarding the inability of Ag to undergo cross-coupling by itself.
C-H Borylation Catalysts that Distinguish between Similarly Sized Substituents like Fluorine and Hydrogen
Miller, Susanne L.,Chotana, Ghayoor A.,Fritz, Jonathan A.,Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb,Maleczka, Robert E.,Smith, Milton R.
supporting information, p. 6388 - 6392 (2019/08/26)
By modifying ligand steric and electronic profiles it is possible to C-H borylate ortho or meta to substituents in aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds, where steric differences between accessible C-H sites are small. Dramatic effects on selectivities between reactions using B2pin2 or 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (HBpin) are described for the first time. Judicious ligand and borane combinations give highly regioselective C-H borylations on substrates where typical borylation protocols afford poor selectivities.
AFURESERTIB: Protein kinase B (PKB) inhibitor Oncolytic
Conkel,Benson
, p. 541 - 546 (2014/12/11)
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays key roles in cellular proliferation and survival. Mutations and alterations in this signal transduction pathway have been described in a variety of solid and hematopoietic malignancies, which may contribute to perpetuation of the disease in a number of ways. Increasing interest in targeting particular facets of this signaling cascade has led to the development of a number of novel anticancer agents, including afuresertib (GSK-2110183), an orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of the RAC-alpha serine/threonine protein kinase, also referred to as protein kinase B or proto-oncogene c-Akt. The present review summarizes the preclinical and pharmacological aspects of afuresertib and early clinical experience.