Publisher SummaryThis chapter focuses on the chemistry of carbazoles. The reactions of the nucleus, introduction of substituents on carbazole nitrogen, reactions involving n-substituents, introduction of substituents onto carbazole carbon, and reactions involving c-substituents, outline the chem...

Rapid nonenzymatic reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol by N-methyl phenazonium methosulfate has been observed in aqueous solution and has been found to increase with increasing pH and ionic strength. The instability of N-methyl phenazonium methosulfate in aqueous solution has been explored...

The objective was to evaluate the use of phenazine ethosulfate (PES) during culture of embryos on fetal and postnatal calf development. Oocytes collected from abbatoir-derived ovaries were matured and fertilized, and the resulting embryos were cultured in vitro by standard procedures, in a chemi...

Trichilia catigua A. Juss., Meliaceae, known as “catuaba” in Brazil, has been popularly used as a tonic for fatigue, impotence and memory deficits. Previously, we have demonstrated that T. catigua ethyl-acetate fraction exerted antidepressive-like effects in mice. Affective-like symptoms are a...

The outcome of in-vitro-maturation and in-vitro-fertilization of feline oocytes depends on the selection of high quality oocytes, and is often restricted to morphological criteria. The aim of this study was to test whether the Brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) staining is suitable for pre-selection of...

The isotropic and anisotropic solvation characteristics of cresyl violet acetate (CVA) were investigated in isotropic liquid solutions and in polar nematic matrices as a function of the solvent type and concentration. The interaction of the ionic dye with the anisotropic surrounding and with tha...

Present work investigated the modified aggregation behavior of a cationic oxazine dye, Cresyl violet acetate (CVA) in presence of Laponite nano clay mineral layers in aqueous clay mineral dispersion as well as in ultra thin organo-clay hybrid Langmuir Blodgett (LB) films. The presence of non-flu...

Reaction of 1,1,3,3-tetrakis(dimethylamino)-1λ5,3λ5-diphosphete (1) with 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiyne, 1,5-hexadiyne and 1,7-octadiyne yields octa-N-methyl-5-phenyl-4-(phenylethynyl)-1λ5,3λ5-[1,3]diphosphinine-1,1,3,3-tetramine (2), 5,5′-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis-octa-N-methyl-1λ5,3λ5-[1,3]dipho...

Four widely used organic peroxides, namely DTBP, DTAP, BTDH and TBPB, were investigated for hazards caused by their thermal instabilities. Chemically pure materials without diluents were adopted to reveal their thermal decomposition and associated kinetic processes. DSC was employed to carry out...

Selective mono-fluorination of 1,2- and 1,3-diols was achieved using N,N-diethyl-4-methoxybenzamide diethyl acetal and Et3N-3HF. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic acetal of the benzamide, and only one hydroxy group was fluorinated and another one was acylated.

The synthesis and radiolabeling of 27 new N-(alkylaminoalkyl)-4-methoxy-, 4-hydroxy-, and -4-aminobenzamides are described and evaluated in C57Bl/6 mice with subcutaneously transplanted B16 melanoma in order to screen the optimal chemical structure for melanoma scintigraphy. Using Tl(TFA)3 for 1...

The rate coefficients for the reactions of OH with isopropyl formate, isobutyl formate, n-propyl isobutyrate and isopropyl isobutyrate have been determined using both absolute and relative methods. The relative rate method has been also used to measure the room temperature rate coefficient for t...

Isopropyl chloride synthesis from isopropanol and HCl in gas phase over ZnCl2 catalysts supported on Al2O3 as well as flexible carbon foam was studied in a continuous reactor. A series of catalytic materials were synthesised and characterised by BET, XPS, SEM, TEM, XRD and NH3-TPD methods. Catal...

Dark red ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) nanoparticles (NPs) of ˜9 nm size and pale yellow WO3 nanowire bundles (NWBs) with high porosity were prepared by hydrothermal reactions, respectively, and coupled to form novel ZFO/WO3 heterojunctions. Tiny ZFO NPs and highly porous WO3 NWBs successfully formed intimate h...

Incorporation of carbobenzoxy-glycylprolyl (Z-GP) to either α or β position of the hydrazine moiety in procarbazine (Pcb) has been carried on in 5-steps process. The overall yield was 32.7%. The new entity Z-GP-Pcb was confirmed targeting to fibroblast activation protein-α (FAPα). Z-GP-Pcb m...

The laminar, transient and turbulent heat transfer and hydrodynamic of a new nanofluid isopropanol/Al2O3 is investigated in a closed flow loop with a horizontal mini-channel test section (3.5 mm inner diameter) under uniform heat flux conditions. The experiments performed at various inlet temper...

The application of pervaporation for the removal of volatile organic compound has been fascinating for the last few years. This is due to the increasing level of petrochemical solvents in the environment. In this work performance of poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane was studied for the separation of ...

Microbial hyaluronic acid (bio-HA) is a highly valued product due to its wide range of aesthetic and medical applications. High purity is an essential requirement for those applications. HA is a polyelectrolyte susceptible to structural changes with pH; therefore, precipitation with organic solv...

A host-guest inclusion complex of hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin (HBCD) and 2-methyl mercapto phenothiazine (2MMPT) was prepared and investigated in liquid state and in solid state. In liquid state, UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopic methods are used to investigate the inclusion complex. ...

In the present study, a low-cost, convenient and reliable thin film coating was developed as the extraction phase. The new sorbent was obtained by chemical bond formation between the hybrid sol-gel precursors and aluminum strip substrate in the first step and subsequent functionalization by phen...