Chromium–containing vanadium tailings (CCVT), an industrial waste, were utilized to extract chromium efficiently by soda roasting–water leaching process and for the preparation of highly pure chromium oxide. The effect of extraction of chromium under different roasting and leaching conditions ...

Failure of ultramarine blue paint layers in historic as well as modern paintings has been reported in the literature many times and is often referred to as “ultramarine disease” or “ultramarine sickness.” The pigment itself is known to degrade hydrolytically when exposed to acids, but whethe...

Ultramarine is a synthetic analogue of lazurite, so called lapis lazuli. It was applied first of all as a pigment of lime- and gypsum-based plasters of folk architecture. Ultramarine is still used as a pigment of building materials, and, it may act as a non-traditional pozzolanic material as wel...

Natural ultramarine (UMB) pigments have been of broad use in the past and present in their natural form (lapis lazuli). They belong to the group of mineral pigments characterized by the sodalite structure and coloured sulphur species (chromophores) encapsulated inside. Nowadays, there is an urge...

A number of ultramarine paint samples were analysed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the binding energies of the S3.− (blue) and S2.− (yellow) radical anions responsible for the pigment colour. The two sulphur radicals (chromophores) have well assigned Rama...

The mechanism of adsorption and reduction of the gold chloride complex on silicate minerals is investigated. Gold chloride, supplied as HAuCl4 solution, is rapidly adsorbed on the silicate surfaces, the Au(III) is reduced to metallic gold, and gold particles grow on the surface. SEM images show ...

In this paper, we report a simple one-step synthesis method for silver-gold bimetallic nanoparticles deposition on silver chloride nanosheets to form Ag-Au/AgCl nanohybrid with oxidase-like and peroxidase-like catalytic activity. We used these nanohybrid in the detection of spermine. First, 13 n...

Gold nanorods are interesting due to their capability to absorb light in the near infrared (NIR) wavelength range of 600 nm–1200 nm which is ideal for optical therapeutic imaging. Previous reports in synthesis used cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as capping agent via two-step seed-mediate...

Gold dissolution was investigated in ferric chloride solution, being one alternative cyanide-free leaching media of increasing interest. The effect of process variables ([Fe3+] = 0.02–1.0 M, [Cl−] = 2–5 M, pH = 0–1.0, T = 25–95 °C) on reaction mechanism and kinetics were studied electrochem...

A non-cyanide lixiviant for gold dissolution, cupric chloride, was studied. The work used a rotating disk electrode technique to investigate the dissolution reaction mechanism and kinetics of gold dissolution in concentrated chloride (3 M) solution with cupric ion concentration in the range 0.02...

In this paper process of gold(III) chloride adsorption from an aqueous and semi-aqueous system was described. It was found, that the adsorption of gold(III) ions from aqueous solutions leads to a metallic gold formation at the surface of activated carbon. The size of the particles after adsorpti...

All the industrially applied gold leaching methods (historical chlorine gas based leaching, dominating state-of-the-art cyanide gold leaching, processes at precious metals plants) suffer from the characteristics related to aggressive and even toxic leaching media and high chemical consumption. T...

The current study investigated gold dissolution in cupric chloride solution, which is one of the most promising alternatives to replace cyanide, although not yet in operation on industrial scale. In this paper, the gold dissolution reaction rate and mechanism were studied by varying the process ...

The use of cyanide is becoming more challenging due to the related environmental risks, increasing the interest in cyanide-free gold leaching. Chloride-bromide leaching is one of the widely investigated alternative lixiviants for gold recovery. However, gold is known to adsorb or precipitate rea...

A decrease in the activation threshold of primary sensory neurons to transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) stimulation by serotonin 5-HT7 receptors has been reported but no confirmation if this might translate into facilitation of neurogenic inflammation has been provided. We analysed the modu...

In mammalian assay systems, calcitonin peptides of non-mammalian species exhibit stronger activity than those of mammals. Recently, comparative analyses of a wide-range of species revealed that platypus and opossum, which diverged early from other mammals, possess calcitonins that are more simil...

Background and aimsThis study aimed to assess the potential of calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide released from sensory nerves, to induce oedema in orofacial tissue.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been found to accelerate fracture healing. In this study, we analyzed the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in a rat spinal fusion model treated with LIPUS. The results revealed that LIPUS significantly increases bone formation, and the pr...

Background and aim of the studyCalcification remains the major role of failure of implantable biomedical material and in particular of bioprosthetic valves. Various treatments have been proposed to mitigate calcification of glutaraldehyde-fixed bioprosthetic valves but none have succeeded in inh...

The high level of bone metabolism associated with osteopenia and multifocal skeletal fracture remains a challenging clinical problem in osteoporosis patients. Salmon calcitonin (sCT), as a peptide medicine, is able to inhibit osteoclast activity and stimulate osteoblast growth. However, calciton...