This study indicates one of the advantages of tandem mass spectrometry; the primary structures of proteins with little structural difference can be determined by using tandem mass spectrometry without prior purification of each component. The primary structure of Paim II, a protein α-amylase in...

A gene encoding the proteinaceous α-amylase inhibitor Paim was cloned and sequenced. Southern analysis and the amino acid sequence deduced from the cloned gene indicated that Paim isoforms were encoded in the same gene. When the gene was expressed in Escherichia coli and Streptomyces lividans, ...

A sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of 1,3-di(4-imidazolino-2-methoxyphenoxy)propane (DMP) in rat, dog and human plasma (50–5000 ng/ml) and urine (0.1–10 μg/ml). DMP and DMPent (dimethoxyimidizolinopentamidine, th...

A nano-porous VOx quasi-aerogel composed of VOx nanofibers (VOx NFs) is synthesized through facile sol-gel process, solvent exchange and subsequent vacuum drying. After grinding and annealing, VOx quasi-aerogel is converted into well-crystallized V2O5 nanorods (V2O5 NRs) which can be used as a p...

Transesterification of (meth)acrylic esters catalysed by alkyl titanates is an important industrial reaction. The current processes are homogeneous but heterogeneous alternatives are attractive for cost and environmental reasons. We have developed a straightforward and cost-effective synthesis o...

ObjectivesThis study aimed to fabricate and characterise silanated and titanated nanobarium titanate (NBT) filled poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base composites and to evaluate the behaviour of a titanate coupling agent (TCA) as an alternative coupling agent to silane. The effect of fi...

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on photocatalysts to produce fuels presents great potential to simultaneously address energy and environmental issues. Herein, zinc titanate-based heterostructured nanohybrids including Zn2Ti3O8/ZnTiO3 and Zn2TiO4/R-TiO2 were designed and prepared through...

Achieving a uniform dispersion of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets in waterborne polymer matrix remains a challenge. Here, we significantly improved the dispersion stability of RGO in a polymer matrix through functionalizing RGO with titanate coupling agent of different dendritic structur...

The trityl (Trt) group is ideally suited for the side-chain protection of His in peptide syntheses, in combination with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) in Nα- and protecting groups cleavable by mild acidolysis in other positions of the peptide. 2,4,5-trichlorophenyl (Tcp)- and pentafluoroph...

In conventional stepwise Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis, diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) base-catalyzed acylation methods lead to considerable amounts of racemization of Fmoc-Cys(Trt) residues during the activation/coupling process. The epimerization can be reduced to a negligible degree, via a...

Adenosine-3′-phosphate-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is prepared from crude French press extracts of the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa purified somewhat by high-speed centrifugation and brief dialysis. The PAPS synthesized in an overnight incubation from sulfate and ATP is purified by Dowex-1 (C...

3′-Phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is a key player in the sulfation of biomolecules, but methods for selective measurements are lacking. A liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) approach for measuring PAPS was developed. A central feature of the method was employing hydrop...

The androgen precursors, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate (DHEAS) are produced in high amounts by the adrenal cortex primarily in humans and a few other primates. The human adrenal also secretes 11-oxygenated androgens (11-oxyandrogens), including 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11OHA...

To help reduce the warming impacts, this study evaluates the drop-in performances of R-427A, R-161 and R-290 in R-22 air source heat pump with EVI (Economized Vapor Injection). The results show that the IPLV(H) of R-161 and R-290 arises 5∼8% relative to R-22 with EVI on. A reversal occurs betwe...

Self-nucleation of crystallization of polyamide 11 (PA 11) has been studied by thermo-optical microscopy. Spherulitically arranged lamellar crystals with a melting peak temperature of 187 °C formed via heterogeneous nucleation on slow cooling the equilibrium melt and subsequent reorganization o...

(1SR,3SR,5SR)-2-Azabicyclo [3.3.0] octane-3-carboxylic acid, precursor of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor Hoe 498, is easily prepared from 1-chloro-1-cyclopentene-2-carbaldehyde in three steps.

(S,S,S)-2-Azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3-carboxylic acid 1, a structural element of the very potent ACE inhibitor HOE 498, is readily available via a diastereo selective synthesis starting from serine or cystine.

D-Altritol nucleosides with an adenine and uracil base moiety were obtained by nucleophilic opening of the epoxide ring of 1,5:2,3-dianhydro-4,6-O-benzylidene-D-allitol using the sodium salt of the above mentioned bases. The use of a 2-trimethylsilylethyl protecting group for the O6-function of ...

A solid-phase strategy for the synthesis of biaryl cyclic peptides containing a side-chain to side-chain His-Tyr linkage was developed. The key step was the macrocyclization of a linear peptidyl resin incorporating a 5-bromohistidine and a 3-boronotyrosine via the formation of the biaryl bond by...

Salicylate esters undergo reversible transesterification in alcoholic solutions in which the ester radical differs from that of the alcohol. The reactions are base-catalyzed and the predominant pathway involves a concerted solvent attack upon the salicylate anion. Competitive hydrolysis of both ...