Product Name

  • Name

    Amoxapine

  • EINECS 237-867-1
  • CAS No. 14028-44-5
  • Density 1.37 g/cm3
  • Solubility
  • Melting Point 175-176 °C
  • Formula C17H16ClN3O
  • Boiling Point 469.9 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 313.787
  • Flash Point 238 °C
  • Transport Information
  • Appearance Crystalline solid
  • Safety 36
  • Risk Codes 22
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 14028-44-5 (Amoxapine)
  • Hazard Symbols HarmfulXn
  • Synonyms 2-Chloro-11-(1-piperazinyl)dibenz[b,f][1,4]oxazepine;
  • PSA 36.86000
  • LogP 3.13150

Synthetic route

piperazine
110-85-0

piperazine

2,11-dichloro-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine
3455-14-9

2,11-dichloro-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In xylene for 5h; Heating;
loxapine
1977-10-2

loxapine

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: aq. HCl / 16 h / Heating
2: POCl3, PhNMe2 / 5 h / Heating
3: xylene / 5 h / Heating
View Scheme
2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11(10H)-one
3158-91-6

2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11(10H)-one

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: POCl3, PhNMe2 / 5 h / Heating
2: xylene / 5 h / Heating
View Scheme
ethyl 2-(methylsulfonyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
148550-51-0

ethyl 2-(methylsulfonyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

ethyl 2-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
1024010-80-7

ethyl 2-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 20℃; for 1h;100%
In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 20℃; for 1h;100%
ethylenesulfonyl fluoride
677-25-8

ethylenesulfonyl fluoride

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanesulfonyl fluoride

2-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanesulfonyl fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In dichloromethane at 20℃;100%
(4-ethynylphenyl)sulfurimidoyl difluoride

(4-ethynylphenyl)sulfurimidoyl difluoride

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)-N-(4-ethynylphenyl)piperazine-1-sulfonimidoyl fluoride

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)-N-(4-ethynylphenyl)piperazine-1-sulfonimidoyl fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 2h;99%
amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazine-1-sulfonyl fluoride

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazine-1-sulfonyl fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; potassium fluoride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; N,N`-sulfuryldiimidazole; trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 16h;99%
With 1-(fluorosulfuryl)-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h;95%
With 1-(fluorosulfuryl)-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h;95%
With [(4-acetamidophenyl)(fluorosulfonyl)amino]sulfonyl fluoride; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 0.166667h;93%
With [(4-acetamidophenyl)(fluorosulfonyl)amino]sulfonyl fluoride; potassium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 1h;89%
silver(I) trifluoromethanethiolate
811-68-7

silver(I) trifluoromethanethiolate

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazine-1-carbothioyl fluoride

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazine-1-carbothioyl fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium bromide In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;98%
With potassium bromide In acetonitrile at 25℃; for 1h;89%
trifluoromethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
3582-05-6

trifluoromethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazine-1-carbonyl fluoride

4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazine-1-carbonyl fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 0.0833333h; Sealed tube;97%
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

loxapine
1977-10-2

loxapine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum (III) chloride; water In acetonitrile at 20℃; Irradiation;95%
With [(Cp*IrCl)2(4,4′,6,6′-tetrahydroxy-2,2′-bipyrimidine)][Cl]2; potassium hydroxide In water at 130℃; for 12h; Schlenk technique;73%
deuteromethanol
1455-13-6

deuteromethanol

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

C18H15(2)H3ClN3O

C18H15(2)H3ClN3O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum (III) chloride; water-d2 In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation;94%
allyl alcohol
107-18-6

allyl alcohol

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

3-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-ol

3-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-ol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium phosphate; [(bis(2-dicyclohexylphosphinoethyl)amine)Fe(CO)Br2]; sodium triethylborohydride In cyclohexane at 80℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;91%
1-(p-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-ol
58824-56-9

1-(p-bromophenyl)prop-2-en-1-ol

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

(S)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-ol

(S)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-ol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium phosphate; chloro{(R)-(+)-2,2'-bis[di(3,5-xylyl)phosphino]-1,1'-binaphthyl}[(2R)-(-)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1'-(4-methoxyphenyl-kC)-3-methyl-1,2-butanediamine]ruthenium(II) In toluene at 30℃; for 72h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; enantioselective reaction;89%
deuteromethanol
1455-13-6

deuteromethanol

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

C18H16(2)H2ClN3O

C18H16(2)H2ClN3O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum (III) chloride In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation;87%
1-methylindole
603-76-9

1-methylindole

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-chloro-11-(4-(3-iodo-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

2-chloro-11-(4-(3-iodo-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium iodide In dimethyl sulfoxide; acetonitrile at 20℃; Electrochemical reaction; Green chemistry;87%
benzonitrile
100-47-0

benzonitrile

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

C24H22ClN3O

C24H22ClN3O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With borane-ammonia complex; C16H29Cl2CoN2P at 20℃; for 13h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; chemoselective reaction;86%
p-trifluoromethylphenyl bromide
402-43-7

p-trifluoromethylphenyl bromide

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-chloro-11-(4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

2-chloro-11-(4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nickel(II) bromide dimethoxyethane; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine; lithium bromide In 1,2-dimethoxyethane; N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 20℃; for 7h; Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling; Inert atmosphere; Electrochemical reaction;86%
deuteromethanol
1455-13-6

deuteromethanol

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

C18H17(2)HClN3O

C18H17(2)HClN3O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum (III) chloride; water-d2 In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation;86%
2-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid
710-11-2

2-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

1-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-phenylpropane-1-thione

1-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-phenylpropane-1-thione

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfur; 1-dodecylthiol In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 2h; Sealed tube; chemoselective reaction;84%
N-(pivaloyloxy)pent-4-enamide

N-(pivaloyloxy)pent-4-enamide

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

5-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-2-one

5-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-2-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With bis[dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium(III)]; potassium hydrogencarbonate In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; water at 21℃; for 16h; regioselective reaction;79%
quinolin-2-yl N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyldiamidophosphate
1224597-90-3

quinolin-2-yl N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyldiamidophosphate

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-(amoxapin-N-yl)quinoline

2-(amoxapin-N-yl)quinoline

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With TurboGrignard In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 25℃; for 8h; Inert atmosphere;78%
2-methoxyethylamine
109-85-3

2-methoxyethylamine

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

N-(2-methoxyethyl)-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-2-amine

N-(2-methoxyethyl)-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-2-amine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With C47H70BrO4PPdSi; sodium t-butanolate In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;74%
(1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)boronic acid

(1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)boronic acid

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-chloro-11-(4-((1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)sulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

2-chloro-11-(4-((1-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)sulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 4,4'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridin; 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane-1,4-diium-1,4-disulfinate; copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate); caesium carbonate; dimethyl sulfoxide at 130℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;71%
4-fluorobenzenesulfinyl chloride
50986-83-9

4-fluorobenzenesulfinyl chloride

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-chloro-11-(4-((4-fluorophenyl)sulfinyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo-[b,f ][1,4]oxazepine

2-chloro-11-(4-((4-fluorophenyl)sulfinyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo-[b,f ][1,4]oxazepine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine at 20℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;69%
4-(tert-butyl)-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamide
912896-78-7

4-(tert-butyl)-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamide

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

4-(tert-butyl)-2-(8-chloro-piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]-oxazepine-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamide

4-(tert-butyl)-2-(8-chloro-piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]-oxazepine-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper diacetate; sodium acetate In acetonitrile for 12h; Electrochemical reaction;63%
1-iodo-3,4-dimethoxybenzene
5460-32-2

1-iodo-3,4-dimethoxybenzene

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-chloro-11-(4-((3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

2-chloro-11-(4-((3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; 1-ethenyl-4-methylbenzene; palladium(II) acetylacetonate; 2,3,4,5-tetrabromothiophene 1,1-dioxide In dimethyl sulfoxide at 95℃; for 24h; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;62%
(E)-N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl cyanide

(E)-N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl cyanide

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

N-(1-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine

N-(1-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylidene)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In toluene at 120℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;61%
4-bromobenzenecarbonitrile
623-00-7

4-bromobenzenecarbonitrile

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

C24H19ClN4O

C24H19ClN4O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Pd(PAd3)(4-FC6H4)Br; triethylamine In water; toluene at 80℃; for 48h; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox; chemoselective reaction;61%
3,3-difluorocyclobutane-1-carbaldehyde
1246765-49-0

3,3-difluorocyclobutane-1-carbaldehyde

C16H19NO4

C16H19NO4

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

C38H41ClF2N4O5

C38H41ClF2N4O5

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With tris[2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N]iridium(III); diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate; propionic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Molecular sieve; Irradiation;55%
4-methoxy-N-tritylbenzenesulfonimidoyl fluoride

4-methoxy-N-tritylbenzenesulfonimidoyl fluoride

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

2-chloro-11-(4-(4-methoxy-N-tritylphenylsulfonimidoyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepane

2-chloro-11-(4-(4-methoxy-N-tritylphenylsulfonimidoyl)piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 4-methoxy-N-tritylbenzenesulfonimidoyl fluoride With aluminum (III) chloride In acetonitrile at 0℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;
Stage #2: amoxapine With triethylamine In acetonitrile at 0 - 20℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;
53%
cyclobutanone O-perfluorobenzoyl oxime

cyclobutanone O-perfluorobenzoyl oxime

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

4-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butanenitrile

4-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butanenitrile

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 2,6-bis[(4S)-4-methyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl]pyridine; copper(l) iodide; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 16h; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation;45%
tert-butyl (fluoro(methyl)(oxo)-λ6-sulfaneylidene)carbamate

tert-butyl (fluoro(methyl)(oxo)-λ6-sulfaneylidene)carbamate

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

tert-butyl ((4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)(methyl)(oxo)-λ6-sulfaneylidene)carbamate

tert-butyl ((4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)(methyl)(oxo)-λ6-sulfaneylidene)carbamate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 80℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;45%
carbon monoxide
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

(S)-4-phenylbutan-2-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate
116199-39-4

(S)-4-phenylbutan-2-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

amoxapine
14028-44-5

amoxapine

(R)-1-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-4-phenylbutan-1-one

(R)-1-(4-(2-chlorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methyl-4-phenylbutan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine; dicobalt octacarbonyl In tert-Amyl alcohol at 70℃; under 30402 Torr; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;43%

Amoxapine Consensus Reports

AMOXAPINE is reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Amoxapine Specification

The Amoxapine, with the CAS registry number 14028-44-5 and EINECS registry number 237-867-1, has the systematic name of 2-chloro-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine. It is a kind of crystalline solid, and belongs to the following product categories: Intermediates & Fine Chemicals; Pharmaceuticals; Adrenoceptor. It is a strong norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It also possesses antiadrenergic, anticholinergic, antidopaminergic, antihistamine, and antiserotonergic actions. The molecular formula of this chemical is C17H16ClN3O.

The physical properties of Amoxapine are as following: (1)ACD/LogP: 2.35; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0.06; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.76; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 9.32; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 2.32; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 117.52; (9)#H bond acceptors: 4; (10)#H bond donors: 1; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (12)Polar Surface Area: 28.07 Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.685; (14)Molar Refractivity: 86.74 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 228.2 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 34.39×10-24cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 52.1 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 1.37 g/cm3; (19)Flash Point: 238 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 73.23 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 469.9 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 5.32E-09 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation and uses of Amoxapine: o-(p-chlorophenoxy) benzene Ethyl carbamate react with N-ethyl piperazine-based to give 4-[[o-(p-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]carbamoyl]-1-piperazine carboxylate. Then heat it with phosphorus pentoxide and phosphorus oxychloride to reflux. And you can get the aim product with this cyclization reaction. What's more, Amoxapine is used in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, panic disorder, and bipolar disorder.

You should be cautious while dealing with this chemical. It is harmful if swallowed. Therefore, you had better take the wear suitable protective clothing.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: Clc2ccc1Oc4c(/N=C(\c1c2)N3CCNCC3)cccc4
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C17H16ClN3O/c18-12-5-6-15-13(11-12)17(21-9-7-19-8-10-21)20-14-3-1-2-4-16(14)22-15/h1-6,11,19H,7-10H2
(3)InChIKey: QWGDMFLQWFTERH-UHFFFAOYAA

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
cat LD unreported > 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: IRRITABILITY
Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. Vol. 2, Pg. 1, 1979.
child LDLo oral 25mg/kg (25mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: MIOSIS (PUPILLARY CONSTRICTION): EYE

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Southern Medical Journal. Vol. 76, Pg. 543, 1983.
child TDLo oral 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 250, Pg. 1069, 1983.
dog LD unreported > 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: IRRITABILITY
Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. Vol. 2, Pg. 1, 1979.
dog LDLo intraperitoneal 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. Vol. 2, Pg. 1, 1979.
man TDLo oral 4285ug/kg/2D- (4.285mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT American Journal of Psychiatry. Vol. 140, Pg. 115, 1983.
man TDLo oral 4286ug/kg (4.286mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: REGIDITY
Southern Medical Journal. Vol. 77, Pg. 94, 1984.
man TDLo oral 14mg/kg (14mg/kg) KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 248, Pg. 3141, 1982.
man TDLo oral 27mg/kg (27mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

VASCULAR: BP ELEVATION NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION

KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)"
Pharmacotherapy Vol. 15, Pg. 528, 1995.
man TDLo oral 70mg/kg/3W-I (70mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. Vol. 45, Pg. 358, 1984.
man TDLo unreported 5714ug/kg/2D- (5.714mg/kg) PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FASCICULATIONS

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
Southern Medical Journal. Vol. 76, Pg. 1077, 1983.
monkey LD unreported > 20mg/kg (20mg/kg)   Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. Vol. 2, Pg. 1, 1979.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 112mg/kg (112mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: PTOSIS: EYE

BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)

BEHAVIORAL: REGIDITY
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 233, Pg. 107, 1978.
mouse LD50 oral 104mg/kg (104mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. Vol. 2, Pg. 1, 1979.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 385mg/kg (385mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 5, Pg. 1852, 1971.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 201mg/kg (201mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: PTOSIS: EYE

BEHAVIORAL: REGIDITY

BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 233, Pg. 107, 1978.
rat LD50 oral 313mg/kg (313mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 5, Pg. 1852, 1971.
rat LD50 subcutaneous > 4500mg/kg (4500mg/kg)   Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 5, Pg. 1852, 1971.
women LDLo oral 40mg/kg (40mg/kg) CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE

CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE

CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 17, Pg. 274, 1988.
women LDLo oral 40mg/kg (40mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: COMA

CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP

VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION
JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 250, Pg. 1069, 1983.
women LDLo oral 75953ug/kg (75.953mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES

CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION)
Forensic Science International. Vol. 26, Pg. 33, 1984.
women TDLo oral 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 250, Pg. 1069, 1983.
women TDLo oral 15mg/kg/5D-I (15mg/kg) ENDOCRINE: HYPERGLYCEMIA Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. Vol. 44, Pg. 347, 1983.
women TDLo oral 17mg/kg (17mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: COMA

VASCULAR: BP ELEVATION NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION
Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 20, Pg. 101, 1983.
women TDLo oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: COMA

CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE
JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 248, Pg. 1092, 1982.
women TDLo oral 50mg/kg (50mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: COMA
Ugeskrift for Laeger. Doctor's Weekly. Vol. 146, Pg. 3285, 1984.

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