hydrogenchloride
A
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In not given addition of HCl to a barium zincate-lye ppts. Zn(OH)2; filtration of Zn(OH)2; evaporation of the filtrate under obtaining of BaCl2*2H2O;; | A 90% B >99 |
In not given addition of HCl to a barium zincate-lye ppts. Zn(OH)2; filtration of Zn(OH)2; evaporation of the filtrate under obtaining of BaCl2*2H2O;; | A 90% B >99 |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With H2O In neat (no solvent, gas phase) Kinetics; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride reaction of BaCO3 with HCl forms BaCl2*2H2O;; product contains 98-99%;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In not given byproducts: S; passing of SO2 in a BaS-solution ppts. BaS2O3; BaS2O3 reacts with HCl under formation of BaCl2; filtration of the pptd. S; crystallisation of BaCl2*2H2O out of the filtrate;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) treatment of CaS with an acidic mother-lye; addition of gaseous HCl to the solution under pptn. of BaCl2*2H2O;; washing with H2O or dild. BaS-solution;; | |
In water addition of HCl to a BaS-solution until pH 5; neutralisation with addition of BaS-solution; filtration; evaporation of the solution; vac.-crystallisation forms BaCl2*2H2O;; | |
In neat (no solvent) treatment of CaS with an acidic mother-lye; addition of concd. HCl to the solution under pptn. of BaCl2*2H2O;; washing with H2O or dild. BaS-solution;; |
magnesium chloride
B
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In not given reaction of BaS-solutions with MgCl2-solution ppts. Mg(OH)2; filtration; crystallisation of BaCl2*2H2O out of the solution;; repptn.;; |
hydrogenchloride
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In diethyl ether extraction of irridiated UO2(NO3)2*nH2O with ether; the formed aq. solution contains all decomposition products; seperation of the aq. solution; addition of BaCl2; pptn. of BaCl2*2H2O with 37% aq. HCl;; twice repptn.;; |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water pptn. (HCl); | |
In water pptn. out of concd. aq. BaCl2-solution with addition of alcohol;; | |
In water pptn. (HCl); |
hydrogenchloride
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride solving of irridiated (NH4)2U2O7 in 25% aq. HCl; addition of BaCl2 in a small amount of H2O; pptn. of BaCl2*2H2O with 37% aq. HCl; filtration on hardened filter;; washing of the ppt. with 25% aq. HCl; washing with alcohol;; |
chlorine
B
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
with dry chlorine; product with 29.93% active chlorine content; | |
with dry chlorine; product with 29.93% active chlorine content; |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride In hydrogenchloride pptn. of BaCl2*2H2O with concd. HCl out of a concd. Ba(2+)-solution;; | |
With HCl In hydrogenchloride |
barium(II) acetate
A
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water pptn. (alc.) from mother liquor after crystn. and sepn. of BaCl2*2H2O; | |
In water pptn. (alc.) from mother liquor after crystn. and sepn. of BaCl2*2H2O; |
A
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water evapn.; pptn. of BaS2O6*2H2O at first, then BaS2O6*BaCl2*4H2O, finally BaCl2*2H2O; |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
byproducts: H2O; 125°C; | 100% |
byproducts: H2O; 60°C; | 100% |
byproducts: H2O; 75°C in dry air; | 100% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
byproducts: H2O; 40°C in dry air stream; | 100% |
byproducts: H2O; 42°C; | 100% |
In methanol 24h in 99% methanol; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide; potassium iodide In water byproducts: KCl, KIO3, H2O; stirring, boiling (15 min), cooling; filtration, washing, drying (105°C, 1 h), azeotropic distn. (benzene); elem. anal.; | 100% |
With NaOH; KI In water byproducts: KIO3, KCl, NaCl; Ba-salt, NaOH and KI were added as aq. solns. to aq. soln. of KMnO4, boiling for 10 min; ppt. was decanted, washed 10 times with H2O, dried at 110 °C, it contains 66.3 % BaMnO4, 13.9 % MnO2 and 19.8 % H2O; |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Ba(2+)*SnF6(2-)=Ba{SnF6}
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogen fluoride; water byproducts: C5H5N.HCl; HF (liquid); a soln. of the metal chloride in water is added to a soln. of pyridinium hexafluorostannate in HF with rapid stirring; alcohol is added, the ppt. is filtd., washed with cold ethanol, dried, elem. anal.; | 96% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: HCl, hexamethyldisiloxane; Room temperature.; | 95% |
In tetrahydrofuran byproducts: HCl, hexamethyldisiloxane; Room temperature, dropwise addn. with stirring of trimethylchlorosilane to slurry of metal salt.; Washing (hexane), evapn.; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol; water addn. of aq. solns. of Ba- and Ti-chloride to ethanolic soln. of oxalic acid at 55 degree.C (molar ratio MeCl2:TiCl4:H2C2O4=1:1:2.4), pptn.; ppt. washing (cold water) until Cl(1-) detectable, drying (dessicator with H2SO4); | 95% |
In not given coprecipitation; | |
In water The mixed soln. of barium chloride and TiCl4 is added to the aq. soln. of oxalic acid at 80°C and room temp.; Filtration, washing and drying at 80 and 120°C, DTA, TGA.; |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In water stirring; crystn., washing (warm water), drying; elem. anal.; | 90% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 230℃; for 96h; High pressure; | 90% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water at 220℃; for 48h; High pressure; Autoclave; | 90% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
iodic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen fluoride In water at 220℃; for 72h; Autoclave; | 90% |
iodine pentoxide
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water at 210℃; for 96h; | 90% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methyl-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol (under N2, Schlenk); VOSO4*5H2O and BaCl2*2H2O stirred in MeOH for 3 h, centrifuged, added to soln. of ligand in MeOH, stirred overnight at roomtemp.; solvent reduced, concd., layered with Et2O for 3 d; elem. anal.; | 88% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
water
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water BaCl2*2H2O added to aq. soln. of Na3PO3S; maintained at 42°C; slowly cooled to room temp.; filtered, dried in air; | 88% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid
N,N-dimethyl-formamide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetrabutyl-ammonium chloride at 100℃; for 120h; High pressure; Autoclave; | 86% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water byproducts: NaCl; twofold equiv. amt. of NaNO2; recrystn.(water); | 85% |
In water byproducts: NaCl; twofold equiv. amt. of NaNO2; recrystn.(water); | 85% |
In water byproducts: NaCl; equiv. amts; 100°C; washing with satd. Ba(NO2)2 soln.; | 80.5% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
water
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 72h; High pressure; Autoclave; | 85% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
phosphoric acid
zinc(II) chloride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With triethylamine In water at 240℃; for 120h; Autoclave; | 85% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
iodic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogen fluoride In water at 220℃; for 72h; Autoclave; | 85% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
water
disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: lead(II) nitrate; water; disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at 20℃; for 0.25h; pH=2; Stage #2: With dihydrogen peroxide at 20℃; for 72h; Stage #3: barium(II) chloride dihydrate In water at 20℃; | 83.5% |
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
zinc(II) acetate dihydrate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: N2,N6-bis(diethylcarbamothioyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide; barium(II) chloride dihydrate; zinc(II) acetate dihydrate In methanol at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: With triethylamine In methanol at 50℃; for 2h; | 83% |
18-crown-6 ether
barium(II) chloride dihydrate
[(Ba((CH2CH2O)6))CoCl4(H2O)2]
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol slowly evapd. at 40-43°C; | 82% |
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Barium chloride (CAS NO.10361-37-2) and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.
OSHA PEL: TWA 0.5 mg(Ba)/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.5 mg(Ba)/m3; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: 0.5 mg(Ba)/m3
Barium chloride is the ionic chemical compound with the formula BaCl2. The substance has the CAS register number 10361-37-2 and EINECS number 233-788-1. It is stable, but incompatible with other materials like bromine trifluoride and furan-2-peroxycarboxylic acid. Barium chloride anhydrous is a white solid. Any of a variety of substances that contain barium. Most are whitish colored crystalline solids. They tend to be soluble in water and denser than water. They may be toxic by inhalation or possibly skin absorption.Barium chloride anhydrous is non-combustible. The substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. In additionm, when heated, its container may explode.
Properties of Barium chloride:
Barium chloride anhydrous may react violently with BrF3 and 2-furan percarboxylic acid in its anhydrous form. Barium chloride can react with sulfate ion to generate a thick white precipitate of barium sulfate. Moreover, it can react with oxalate to give barium oxalate. The reaction equations are as the follwing:
Ba2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → BaSO4(s)
Ba2+(aq) + C2O42-(aq) → BaC2O4(s)
Preparation of Barium chloride:
Barium chloride anhydrous is produced by barium hydroxide or barium carbonate. And then Barium chloride anhydrous reactS with hydrochloric acid to give hydrated barium chloride. In industry, it is prepared via a two step process from barium sulfate at high temperature. Afterward, The second step requires fusion of the reactants. The Barium chloride can then be leached out from the mixture with water.
BaSO4 + 4 C → BaS + 4 CO
BaS + CaCl2 → BaCl2 + CaS
In addition, Barium chloride can also be prepared by heating Barium chloride dihydrate at 125 °C. The reaction equation is as following:
BaCl2.2 H2O → BaCl2 +2 H2O
Uses of Barium Barium chloride:
Because it is a cheap and soluble salt of barium, Barium chloride anhydrous is widely used in the laboratory. In industry, Barium chloride anhydrous is mainly used in the purification of brine solution in caustic chlorine plants and also in the manufacture of heat treatment salts, case hardening of steel, in the manufacture of pigments and other barium salts. It is commonly used as a test for sulfate ion. Barium chloride anhydrous is also used in fireworks to give a bright green color.
Safety information of Barium chloride:
When you are using Barium chloride anhydrous, you should be very cautious about it. It is toxic if swallowed and harmful by inhalation. In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).
Descriptors computed from structure of Barium chloride anhydrous:
(1)Canonical SMILES: [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2]
(2)InChI: InChI=1S/Ba.2ClH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
(3)InChIKey: WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L
The toxicity of Barium chloride:
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
cat | LDLo | intravenous | 40mg/kg (40mg/kg) | Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975. | |
cat | LDLo | subcutaneous | 18mg/kg (18mg/kg) | Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975. | |
dog | LD50 | unreported | 90mg/kg (90mg/kg) | New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999. | |
dog | LDLo | oral | 90mg/kg (90mg/kg) | "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973. | |
dog | LDLo | subcutaneous | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975. | |
domestic animals - goat/sheep | LDLo | parenteral | 7mg/kg (7mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS | New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999. |
frog | LDLo | subcutaneous | 910mg/kg (910mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935. | |
guinea pig | LD50 | oral | 76mg/kg (76mg/kg) | Food Research. Vol. 7, Pg. 313, 1942. | |
guinea pig | LDLo | subcutaneous | 55mg/kg (55mg/kg) | "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973. | |
horse/donkey | LD50 | unreported | 800mg/kg (800mg/kg) | New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999. | |
mammal (species unspecified) | LD50 | oral | 398mg/kg (398mg/kg) | AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: OTHER (DIRECT) PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 28(6), Pg. 45, 1984. |
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 39mg/kg (39mg/kg) | Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 10, Pg. 107, 1975. | |
mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 12mg/kg (12mg/kg) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 22, Pg. 150, 1972. | |
mouse | LD50 | unreported | 7mg/kg (7mg/kg) | New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999. | |
mouse | LDLo | oral | 70mg/kg (70mg/kg) | Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975. | |
mouse | LDLo | subcutaneous | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | National Technical Information Service. Vol. AEC-TR-6710, | |
rabbit | LD50 | unreported | 170mg/kg (170mg/kg) | New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999. | |
rabbit | LDLo | intravenous | 15mg/kg (15mg/kg) | Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975. | |
rabbit | LDLo | oral | 170mg/kg (170mg/kg) | "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973. | |
rabbit | LDLo | parenteral | 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) | GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME INCREASED | Medicina del Lavoro. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 30, Pg. 44, 1939. |
rabbit | LDLo | subcutaneous | 40mg/kg (40mg/kg) | Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975. | |
rat | LD50 | oral | 118mg/kg (118mg/kg) | Food Research. Vol. 7, Pg. 313, 1942. | |
rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | 178mg/kg (178mg/kg) | "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973. | |
rat | LD50 | unreported | 150mg/kg (150mg/kg) | New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999. | |
rat | LDLo | intravenous | 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES | Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. Vol. 15, Pg. 35, 1929. |
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