Product Name

  • Name

    Benzidine dihydrochloride

  • EINECS 208-519-6
  • CAS No. 531-85-1
  • Article Data2
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 1.156g/cm3
  • Solubility 0.1-0.5 g/100 mL at 23.5 ºC in water
  • Melting Point >300 ºC
  • Formula C12H12 N2 . 2 Cl H
  • Boiling Point 358.7°Cat760mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 257.163
  • Flash Point 203.5°C
  • Transport Information UN 2811
  • Appearance WHITE TO OFF-WHITE POWDER
  • Safety 53-45-60-61
  • Risk Codes R45;R22;R50/53   
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 531-85-1 (Benzidine dihydrochloride)
  • Hazard Symbols
  • Synonyms Benzidine,dihydrochloride (8CI); [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, dihydrochloride (9CI)
  • PSA 52.04000
  • LogP 5.28440

Synthetic route

N,N-dichloro-p-toluenesulfonamide
473-34-7

N,N-dichloro-p-toluenesulfonamide

chloroform
67-66-3

chloroform

diphenyl hydrazine
122-66-7

diphenyl hydrazine

A

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

B

toluene-4-sulfonamide
70-55-3

toluene-4-sulfonamide

C

trans-azobenzene
17082-12-1

trans-azobenzene

...Expand
p,p'-diaminobiphenyl
92-87-5

p,p'-diaminobiphenyl

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In water
disodium 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate
853-68-9

disodium 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

C40H20N2O14S4(4-)*4Na(1+)

C40H20N2O14S4(4-)*4Na(1+)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol; water for 2h; Reflux;82%
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

azulene
275-51-4

azulene

bis(azulene-1-azo)-4,4'-biphenyl

bis(azulene-1-azo)-4,4'-biphenyl

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: benzidine dihydrochloride With hydrogenchloride; water; sodium nitrite at 0℃; Diazotization;
Stage #2: azulene With sodium acetate In ethanol at 20℃; for 0.5h; Arylation;		78%
Stage #1: benzidine dihydrochloride With hydrogenchloride; water; sodium nitrite at 0℃; Diazotization;
Stage #2: azulene With sodium acetate In ethanol at 20℃; for 0.5h; Arylation; Further stages.;		78%
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-(pyrid-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole
38695-92-0

5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-(pyrid-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole

C30H24N10O2

C30H24N10O2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: benzidine dihydrochloride With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite In water at 0 - 5℃;
Stage #2: 5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-(pyrid-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole With sodium hydroxide; aluminium trichloride In water for 0.5h; pH=8.0 - 8.5; cooling;		77%
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one
13024-90-3

1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one

C32H24Cl2N8O2

C32H24Cl2N8O2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: benzidine dihydrochloride With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite In water at 0 - 5℃;
Stage #2: 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one With sodium hydroxide; aluminium trichloride In water for 0.5h; pH=8.0 - 8.5; cooling;		76%
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one
60798-06-3

1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one

C34H30N8O4

C34H30N8O4

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: benzidine dihydrochloride With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite In water at 0 - 5℃;
Stage #2: 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one With sodium hydroxide; aluminium trichloride In water for 0.5h; pH=8.0 - 8.5; cooling;		71%
di-tert-butyl dicarbonate
24424-99-5

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

di-tert-butyl [1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diyldicarbamate

di-tert-butyl [1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-diyldicarbamate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 4-methyl-morpholine; dmap In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 55℃; for 40h;64%
tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)methane

tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)methane

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

C25H20O12S4*2C12H12N2

C25H20O12S4*2C12H12N2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol; water at 20℃;58%
hydrogenchloride
7647-01-0

hydrogenchloride

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

cadmium(II) chloride
10108-64-2

cadmium(II) chloride

benzidine diammonium tetrachloride cadmate

benzidine diammonium tetrachloride cadmate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol excess of CdCl2 with 2 drops of concd.HCl in CH3OH added to soln. of ligand in CH3OH, stirred for 0.5 h; filtered, crystd., XRD;52%
...Expand
phosgene
75-44-5

phosgene

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

biphenyl-4,4'-diyl diisocyanate
2761-22-0

biphenyl-4,4'-diyl diisocyanate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With bromobenzene
undec-10-enoyl chloride
38460-95-6

undec-10-enoyl chloride

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

N,N'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl-bis-undec-10-enamide

N,N'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl-bis-undec-10-enamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With diethyl ether; sodium carbonate
Boc-Aoa-OPcp
39910-60-6

Boc-Aoa-OPcp

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

C26H34N4O8
33809-63-1

C26H34N4O8

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In 1,4-dioxane
potassium cyanide
151-50-8

potassium cyanide

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-dicarbonitrile
1591-30-6

(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-dicarbonitrile

Conditions
ConditionsYield
(i) aq. HCl, NaNO2, (ii) /BRN= 4652394/, aq. CuCN; Multistep reaction;
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

4,4'-Bis-(phenyl-trans-azo)-biphenyl
120623-26-9

4,4'-Bis-(phenyl-trans-azo)-biphenyl

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: bromobenzene
2: benzene / 140 °C / unter Druck
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

N,N'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl-bis-carbamic acid di-[1]naphthyl ester

N,N'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl-bis-carbamic acid di-[1]naphthyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: bromobenzene
2: bromobenzene
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

1,1'-(4,4'-biphenylene)bis(3-(naphthalen-1-yl)urea)

1,1'-(4,4'-biphenylene)bis(3-(naphthalen-1-yl)urea)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: bromobenzene
2: bromobenzene
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

1,1'-(4,4'-biphenylene)bis(3-phenylurea)
13140-81-3

1,1'-(4,4'-biphenylene)bis(3-phenylurea)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: bromobenzene
2: bromobenzene
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

N,N'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl-bis-carbamic acid diphenyl ester
148075-84-7

N,N'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl-bis-carbamic acid diphenyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: bromobenzene
2: bromobenzene
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

N,N'-Di-(aminoxyacetyl)-benzidin

N,N'-Di-(aminoxyacetyl)-benzidin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: triethylamine / 1,4-dioxane
2: hydrogenchloride / ethyl acetate
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

4,4'-Bis-phenylglyoxyloyl-diphenyl
47709-64-8

4,4'-Bis-phenylglyoxyloyl-diphenyl

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: (i) aq. HCl, NaNO2, (ii) /BRN= 4652394/, aq. CuCN
2: (i) Mg, (ii) /BRN= 1869917/, (iii) aq. HCl
3: SeO2, Ac2O
View Scheme
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

4,4'-Bis-phenylacetyl-biphenyl
56794-20-8

4,4'-Bis-phenylacetyl-biphenyl

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (i) aq. HCl, NaNO2, (ii) /BRN= 4652394/, aq. CuCN
2: (i) Mg, (ii) /BRN= 1869917/, (iii) aq. HCl
View Scheme
fluorosilicic acid

fluorosilicic acid

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

benzidine fluorosilicate

benzidine fluorosilicate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In not given pptn. with H2SiF4 (D=1.30) from slightly hydrochloric soln. of benzidine hydrochloride at boiling temp.;;>99
In not given pptn. with H2SiF4 (D=1.30) from slightly hydrochloric soln. of benzidine hydrochloride at boiling temp.;;>99
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)

potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)

(benzidine)3H3{hexacyanoferrate(III)}*benzidine*2HCl

(benzidine)3H3{hexacyanoferrate(III)}*benzidine*2HCl

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In hydrogenchloride at -15°C; in diluted HCl;
In hydrogenchloride at -15°C; in diluted HCl;
tetracyanonickelate(II)
48042-08-6

tetracyanonickelate(II)

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

C12H14N2(2+)*{Ni(CN)4}(2-)=C12H14N2{Ni(CN)4}

C12H14N2(2+)*{Ni(CN)4}(2-)=C12H14N2{Ni(CN)4}

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water pptn.;;
In water
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

mercury dichloride

mercury dichloride

benzidinium tetrachloromercurate(II)

benzidinium tetrachloromercurate(II)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In not given from hot soln. of calcd. amts. of educts; recrystn. from dild. HCl;
benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

palladium dichloride

palladium dichloride

dichloro benzidine palladium (II)

dichloro benzidine palladium (II)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water on dropping of a small amt. of PdCl2 soln. to a boiling soln. of base chloride in 1l H2O, immediately forming of sparingly sol. ppte.;; on washing with hot H2O and drying at 100 °C; it is difficult to obtain pure compd. because of sparing solubility of chloride of base;;
In ethanol on react. of alc. benzidine soln. with PdCl2 soln.;;
hydrogenchloride
7647-01-0

hydrogenchloride

water
7732-18-5

water

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

cadmium(II) iodide

cadmium(II) iodide

[benzidine(+2H)]3[CdI4]2Cl2*5H2O

[benzidine(+2H)]3[CdI4]2Cl2*5H2O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In hydrogenchloride mixt. of CdI2 and benzidine dichloride dissolved in H2O acidified by HCl; evapd. slowly; crystals isolated;
...Expand
hydrogenchloride
7647-01-0

hydrogenchloride

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

mercury(II) iodide

mercury(II) iodide

[benzidine(+2H)]4[Hg4I13]Cl3*2I2

[benzidine(+2H)]4[Hg4I13]Cl3*2I2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In hydrogenchloride mixt. of HgI2 and benzidine dichloride dissolved in H2O acidified by HCl; evapd. slowly; crystals isolated;
...Expand
α,α′,δ,δ′-tetramethylcucurbit[6]uril
848440-56-2

α,α′,δ,δ′-tetramethylcucurbit[6]uril

benzidine dihydrochloride
531-85-1

benzidine dihydrochloride

C12H12N2*C40H44N24O12*2ClH

C12H12N2*C40H44N24O12*2ClH

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water

Benzidine dihydrochloride Chemical Properties

IUPAC Name: 4-(4-Aminophenyl)aniline dihydrochloride
The molecular formula of Benzidine dihydrochloride (CAS NO.531-85-1) is C12H14Cl2N2.

                             
The molecular weight of Benzidine dihydrochloride (CAS NO.531-85-1) is 257.16.
Synonyms of Benzidine dihydrochloride (CAS NO.531-85-1): Benzidine dihydrochloride ; 4,4'-Biphenyldiamine dihydrochloride
Product Categories: Intermediates of Dyes and Pigments
Apperance: White crystalline powder
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 60.43 kJ/mol
Water Solubility: 0.1-0.5 g/100 mL
Flash Point: 203.5 °C   
Boiling Point: 358.7 °C
Melting Point: ≥300 °C
EINECS: 208-519-6

Benzidine dihydrochloride Uses

  Benzidine dihydrochloride (CAS NO.531-85-1) is used as part of a test for cyanide and also in the synthesis of dyes.

Benzidine dihydrochloride Toxicity Data With Reference

1.    

mmo-sat 100 nmol/plate

     MUREAV    Mutation Research. 136 (1984),33.
2.    

sce-ham-ipr 12,500 µg/kg

     MUREAV    Mutation Research. 113 (1983),33.

Benzidine dihydrochloride Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

Benzidine dihydrochloride Safety Profile

Suspected carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of HCl and NOx.Safety information of Benzidine dihydrochloride (CAS NO.531-85-1):
Hazard Codes  ToxicT,DangerousN,HarmfulXn
Risk Statements  50/53-36/37/38-20/21/22
R20/21/22:Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. 
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. 
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Statements  53-45-60-61
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. 
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. 
S53:Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
RIDADR  UN 2811 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  DD0600000

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