Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dmap; N-benzyl-N,N,N-triethylammonium chloride; sodium dodecyl sulfate; potassium carbonate In water at 50℃; for 2.5h; pH=9.5 - 10; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Time; pH-value; | 97.5% |
With dmap; N-benzyl-N,N,N-triethylammonium chloride; boric acid; sodium chloride; sodium hydroxide In dichloromethane; water at 40℃; for 0.25h; pH=9.9; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature; | 92% |
With dmap; N-benzyl-N,N,N-triethylammonium chloride; sodium hydrogencarbonate; sodium carbonate; sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate In methyl cyclohexane at 50℃; for 1h; |
2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine
potassium picolinate
diethyl phosphorochloridothioate
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dmap; potassium hydroxide In dichloromethane; water |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide In ethanol for 4h; Heating; | 91.7% |
With potassium hydroxide In ethanol for 1h; Heating; | 90% |
With water at 40℃; for 960h; Rate constant; Thermodynamic data; E(a); other natural water, pH = 8.0; |
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium iodide In acetone at 45℃; for 5h; | 90% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dihydrogen peroxide In acetic acid for 3h; Irradiation; | 80% |
With rat liver microsomes Enzyme kinetics; Further Variations:; Reaction partners; desulfuration; Enzymatic reaction; | |
With bromine In acetonitrile |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 110℃; for 48h; Autoclave; Green chemistry; | 41.95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 110℃; for 48h; Autoclave; Green chemistry; | 26.19% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 110℃; for 48h; Autoclave; Green chemistry; | 19.02% |
Chlorpyrifos
6-mercaptocaproic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide In ethanol for 1h; Heating; | 17% |
With potassium hydroxide 1.) EtOH, reflux, 2.) EtOH, reflux, 1 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 110℃; for 48h; Autoclave; Green chemistry; | 16.01% |
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 80 percent / 30 percent aq. H2O2 / acetic acid / 3 h / Irradiation 2: 85 percent / NaI / acetone / 5 h / 45 °C View Scheme |
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 1.) KOH / 1.) EtOH, reflux, 2.) EtOH, reflux, 1 h 2: 75 percent / 1M aq. NaOH / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / Heating View Scheme |
Chlorpyrifos
sodium thiomethoxide
3,5-dichloro-6-(methylthio)pyridin-2-ol
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In N,N-dimethyl-formamide |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With perchloric acid; (S)-{2-[2-(4-tert-butyl)oxazolinyl]phenyl-C1,N}(trifluoromethylpyridine)(aqua)-palladium(II) triflate at 25℃; pH=10.8; Kinetics; aq. buffer; |
Chlorpyrifos
A
3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2 ol
B
O,O'-diethyl thiophosphoric acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With water |
Chlorpyrifos
A
3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2 ol
B
chlopyrifos oxon
C
phosphonic acid diethyl ester
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With titanium(IV) dioxide In water; acetonitrile at 25℃; for 0.5h; Concentration; Irradiation; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With titanium(IV) dioxide In water; acetonitrile at 25℃; for 1h; Concentration; Irradiation; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide at 25℃; pH=5.8; Kinetics; Catalytic behavior; UV-irradiation; Green chemistry; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With C26H16ClCuN3O3 In water at 20℃; for 18h; pH=7.0; Catalytic behavior; Kinetics; Mechanism; pH-value; Time; Temperature; |
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: potassium hydroxide / ethanol / 1 h / Reflux 2: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 18 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme |
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: potassium hydroxide / ethanol / 1 h / Reflux 2: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 18 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: potassium hydroxide / ethanol / 18 h / Reflux View Scheme |
Chlorpyrifos
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: potassium hydroxide / ethanol / 1 h / Reflux 2: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 18 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: potassium hydroxide / ethanol / 18 h / Reflux 4: palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen / ethanol / 6 h / 20 °C / 2280.15 Torr View Scheme |
Chlorpyrifos
triclopyr acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: methanol; lithium hydroxide / tetrahydrofuran; water / 0.5 h 2: potassium iodide / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / Reflux 3: sodium hydroxide; methanol / tetrahydrofuran; water / 20 °C View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide In ethanol at 80℃; for 1.16667h; Overall yield = 83 percent; Overall yield = 0.68 g; |
Molecular formula: C9H11Cl3NO3PS
Molar mass: 350.59 g/mol
Index of Refraction: 1.565
Density: 1.48 g/cm3
Flash Point: 181.1 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 59.9 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 375.9 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 1.63E-05 mmHg at 25 °C
Melting point: 42-44°C
Storage tempreture: Approx 4 °C
Water solubility: Insoluble. 0.00013 g/100 mL
Appearance: White granular crystals
Structure of Chlorpyrifos (CAS NO.2921-88-2):
IUPAC Name: Diethoxy-sulfanylidene-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy-λ5-phosphane
Product Category of Chlorpyrifos (CAS NO.2921-88-2): Organics;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals;CAlphabetic;CHMethod Specific;Insecticides;Pesticides;AcaricidesAlphabetic;Organophorous
First registered in 1965 and marketed by Dow Chemical Company under the tradenames Dursban and Lorsban, Chlorpyrifos (CAS NO.2921-88-2) was a well known home and garden insecticide, and at one time it was one of the most widely used household pesticides in the US. In 1995, Dow was fined $732,000 for not sending the EPA reports it had received on 249 Dursban poisoning incidents, and in 2003, Dow agreed to pay $2 million - the largest penalty ever in a pesticide case - to the state of New York, in response to a lawsuit filed by the Attorney General to end Dow's illegal advertising of Dursban as "safe". On July 31, 2007, a coalition of farmworker and advocacy groups filed a lawsuit against the EPA seeking to end agricultural use of the chlorpyrifos. The suit claims that the continued use of chlorpyrifos poses an unnecessary risk to farmworkers and their families. In August 2007, Dow's Indian offices were raided by Indian authorities for allegedly bribing officials to allow chlorpyrifos to be sold in the country. In 2008, a federal judge imposed 1000 ft buffer zones around waterways to protect endangered species including salmon. Aerial applications of chlorpyrifos will prohibited within these zones.
Chlorpyrifos (CAS NO.2921-88-2) is used to control insect pests as Insecticide and acaricide
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
bird - wild | LD50 | oral | 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 21, Pg. 315, 1972. | |
chicken | LD50 | oral | 25400ug/kg (25.4mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 11, Pg. 49, 1967. |
duck | LD50 | oral | 76mg/kg (76mg/kg) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 20, Pg. 57, 1971. | |
guinea pig | LD50 | oral | 504mg/kg (504mg/kg) | Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C74, 1991. | |
guinea pig | LDLo | subcutaneous | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | Journal of Economic Entomology. Vol. 60, Pg. 733, 1967. | |
mammal (species unspecified) | LD50 | unreported | 163mg/kg (163mg/kg) | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Vol. 27, Pg. 712, 1979. | |
man | TDLo | oral | 300mg/kg (300mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: PARESTHESIS BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS BEHAVIORAL: COMA | Archives of Toxicology. Vol. 59, Pg. 176, 1986. |
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 192mg/kg (192mg/kg) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 65, Pg. 144, 1982. | |
mouse | LD50 | oral | 60mg/kg (60mg/kg) | Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. Vol. 13, Pg. 11, 1978. | |
mouse | LD50 | skin | 120mg/kg (120mg/kg) | Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. Vol. 38, Pg. 745, 1987. | |
pigeon | LD50 | oral | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | ASTM Special Technical Publication. Vol. (680), Pg. 157, 1979. | |
quail | LD50 | oral | 13300ug/kg (13.3mg/kg) | ASTM Special Technical Publication. Vol. (680), Pg. 157, 1979. | |
rabbit | LD50 | oral | 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) | Special Publication of the Entomological Society of America. Vol. 78-1, Pg. 45, 1978. | |
rabbit | LD50 | skin | 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. Vol. 6, Pg. 203, 1973. | |
rat | LC50 | inhalation | > 200mg/m3/4H (200mg/m3) | Pesticide Manual. Vol. 9, Pg. 166, 1991. | |
rat | LD50 | oral | 82mg/kg (82mg/kg) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 14, Pg. 515, 1969. | |
rat | LD50 | skin | 202mg/kg (202mg/kg) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 14, Pg. 515, 1969. | |
rat | LD50 | unreported | 150mg/kg (150mg/kg) | "Chemistry of Pesticides," Melnikov, N.N., New York, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1971Vol. -, Pg. 339, 1971. |
Hazard Symbols: T;N
Risk Codes: R25;R50/53
R25 :Toxic if swallowed.
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Description: S1/2;S45;S60;S61
S1/2:Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
Chlorpyrifos , its cas register number is 2921-88-2. It also can be called O,O-Diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate ; Phosphorothioic acid O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) ester ; Chlorpyrifos-ethyl ; Chlorpyritos ; Clorpyrifos ; Dursban HF ; Eradex ; Lorsban 4E-SG ; Pyrinex ; Super I.Q.A.P.T. ; Trichlorpyrphos ; and Dowco 179 .
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