Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In water; toluene | 99.6% |
With sodium hydroxide In toluene | 95% |
With sodium hydroxide; tetrabutylammomium bromide; potassium carbonate In cyclohexane | 92.8% |
1-chlorododecane
Azone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
95.2% |
caprolactam
Azone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium; xylene anschliessend mit Dodecylbromid; |
1-dodecyl alcohol
Azone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 91 percent / 48percent aq. HBr / dodecylpyridinium bromide / 1.5 h / Irradiation 2: 87 percent / NaOH / n-C12H25N(CH3)3Br / 9 h / 70 - 75 °C View Scheme |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; tetrabutylammomium bromide |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In 1,2-dimethoxyethane |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In toluene; mineral oil |
1-dodecylbromide
Azone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; Aliquat 336 In toluene |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
60 g (80%) |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: Azone With bis(triphenylphosphine)carbonyliridium(I) chloride; 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: 4-toluenesulfonyl azide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 3h; chemoselective reaction; | 70% |
Azone
6-dodecylamino-hexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride |
Azone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: concentrated HCl 2: Na2CO3; methanol View Scheme |
Azone
3-bromo-1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With phosphorus pentachloride; bromine In dichloromethane; chloroform |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In nitric acid aq. HNO3; addn. of soln. of uranyl nitrate in aq. HNO3 to ligand in petroleum ether, shaking (several hours), pptn.; filtration, washing (water, petroleum ether), recrystn. (toluene), washing (petroleum ether), filtration, drying (vac.); elem. anal.; |
IUPAC Name: 1-Dodecylazepan-2-one
Synonyms of Laurocapram (CAS NO.59227-89-3): 1-Dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one ; 1-Dodecylhexahydro-2H-azepin-2-one ; Azone ; Laurocapramum ; N-Lauryl caprolactam ; 2H-Azepin-2-one, 1-dodecylhexahydro- ; 2H-Azepin-2-one, hexahydro-N-lauryl- ; N-Dodecylcaprolactam
CAS NO: 59227-89-3
Molecular Formula: C18H35NO
Molecular Weight: 281.48
Molecular Structure:
EINECS: 261-668-9
H bond acceptors: 2
H bond donors: 0
Freely Rotating Bonds: 11
Polar Surface Area: 20.31 Å2
Index of Refraction: 1.465
Molar Refractivity: 87.02 cm3
Molar Volume: 314.3 cm3
Surface Tension: 32.9 dyne/cm
Density: 0.895 g/cm3
Flash Point: 165.2 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 65.64 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 404.9 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 9.12E-07 mmHg at 25°C
Appearance: Colorless or yellowish transparent liquid
Solubility: Insoluble in water, and form emulsions with water, soluble in various organic solvents.
SMILES: O=C1N(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCC1
InChI: InChI=1/C18H35NO/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-13-16-19-17-14-11-12-15-18(19)20/h2-17H2,1H3
InChIKey: AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYAS
Std. InChI: InChI=1S/C18H35NO/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-13-16-19-17-14-11-12-15-18(19)20/h2-17H2,1H3
Std. InChIKey: AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Product Categories of Laurocapram (CAS NO.59227-89-3): ketone
Laurocapram (CAS NO.59227-89-3) is used as the penetration enhancer in cosmetic preparations and personal-care products. Laurocapram is combined as an excipient not an active ingredient. Excipients are added to ensure that the shelf-life of the active ingredients long enough to be active until internal use. Excipients are combined also to support the active ingredients, so that the latter can be easily administered or absorbed in the body.
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689, | |
mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg) | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. Vol. 9, Pg. 725, 1983. | |
mouse | LD50 | skin | 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg) | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. Vol. 9, Pg. 725, 1983. | |
rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg) | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. Vol. 9, Pg. 725, 1983. | |
rat | LD50 | intravenous | 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg) | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. Vol. 9, Pg. 725, 1983. | |
rat | LD50 | oral | > 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg) | United States Patent Document. Vol. 4882359, | |
rat | LD50 | skin | 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg) | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. Vol. 9, Pg. 725, 1983. | |
rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | > 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg) | United States Patent Document. Vol. 4882359, | |
rat | LD50 | unreported | 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg) | Archives of Dermatology. Vol. 118, Pg. 474, 1982. |
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