-
Name
Maitotoxin
- EINECS
- CAS No. 59392-53-9
- Density
- Solubility Soluble in water, methanol, DMSO and aqueous acetonitrile. Insoluble in other organic solvents
- Melting Point
- Formula C164H258 O68 S2 . 2 Na
- Boiling Point
- Molecular Weight 3426.30
- Flash Point
- Transport Information
- Appearance colorless solid
- Safety A poison by intraperitoneal route. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of SOx.
- Risk Codes
-
Molecular Structure
- Hazard Symbols A poison.
- Synonyms 2H-Bispyrano[2',3':5,6]pyrano[3,2-b:2',3'-e]pyran,maitotoxin deriv.; 2H-Pyrano[2'''',3'''':5''',6''']pyrano[2''',3''':6'',7'']oxepino[2'',3'':5',6']pyrano[2',3':5,6]pyrano[3,2-b]pyrano[2''',3''':5'',6'']pyrano[2'',3'':5',6']pyrano[2',3':5,6]pyrano[2,3-g]oxocin,maitotoxin deriv.;2H-Pyrano[3,2-b]pyrano[2''',3''':5'',6'']pyrano[2'',3'':5',6']pyrano[2',3':5,6]pyrano[2,3-f]oxepin,maitotoxin deriv.;Bispyrano[2'',3'':5',6']pyrano[2',3':5,6]pyrano[3,2-b:2',3'-f]oxepin,maitotoxin deriv.; Pyrano[3,2-b]pyran, maitotoxin deriv.; Maitotoxin 1
- PSA 1011.42000
- LogP 0.45250
Maitotoxin Chemical Properties
Molecular Structure of Maitotoxin (CAS NO.59392-53-9):
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Molecular formula C164H256O68S2Na2
Molar mass 3422 g/mol
Maitotoxin Toxicity Data With Reference
| 1. | ipr-mus LD50:50 ng/kg | JACSAT Journal of the American Chemical Society. 115 (1993),2060. |
Maitotoxin Safety Profile
A poison by intraperitoneal route. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of SOx.
Maitotoxin Specification
Maitotoxin (CAS NO.59392-53-9) is an extremely potent toxin produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a dinoflagellate species. Maitotoxin is so potent that it has been demonstrated that an intraperitoneal injection of 0.13 µg/kg was lethal in mice.Maitotoxin was named from the ciguateric fish Ctenochaetus striatus—called “maito” in Tahiti—from which maitotoxin was isolated for the first time - later it was shown that maitotoxin is actually produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus.
Maitotoxin is known to activate cytosolic calcium-activated proteases calpain-1 and calpain-2, contributing to necrosis. The toxicity of maitotoxin to mice is the highest in nonprotein toxins: the LD50 is 50 ng/kg.The molecule itself exists as a system of 32 fused rings. It is one of the largest and most complex non-protein, non-polysaccharide molecules produced by an organism.
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